民用飞机的商载航程能力满足市场需求对民用飞机的成功至关重要,航程能力设计指标是否合理需要在方案初期结合市场特征进行全面的评估。通过推导商载航程图边界线的解析方程,建立了飞机总体参数与商载航程图的关系,构建了一种通过设计指标中的标准商载、设计航程以及特征重量参数即可快速准确求解出飞机商载航程图的方法。使得在性能计算输入参数有限的方案初期,仅通过基本的设计指标就能反映较为全面的商载航程能力,可应用于方案阶段基于市场需求的方案快速迭代,优化飞机设计指标。
The payload-range capability that meets market demands is vital to the success of the commercial aircraft. Thorough evaluation of the validity of the design specifications for the intended market is needed during the early concept design. This article focuses on the derivation of the analytic equation for the limitation lines on the payload-range diagram, building a mathematical connection between aircraft general parameters and the payload-range diagram. A method that fast and precisely derives the diagram from design payload point together with the designed range and some characteristic weights is created. The method allows the payload-range capability to be evaluated simply from several key design parameters at the very beginning of the conceptual design when detailed input data are not enough for massive performance calculation. The method can be applied to the fast iteration of the concept based on the market demands and the optimization of design specifications.
[1] 杨李, 张洁. 基于主成分分析法的民机商载航程评估指标构建[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2017(24):89-90. YANG L, ZHANG J. Research on civil aircraft payload-range evaluation index based on the principle component analysis[J]. Technology Innovation and Application, 2017(24):89-90(in Chinese).
[2] CLARK P. 大飞机选购策略:航空公司机队规划[M]. 北京:航空工业出版社, 2009:133-138. CLARK P. Buying the big jets:Fleet planning for airlines[M]. Beijing:Aviation Industry Press, 2009:133-138(in Chinese).
[3] 张洁. 一种基于O&D市场的宽体客机衍生机型座级航程确定的方法研究[J]. 民用飞机设计与研究, 2017(4):25-30. ZHANG J. Payload and range definition method of wide body passenger derivative aircraft based on O&D market[J]. Civil Aircraft Design & Research, 2017(4):25-30(in Chinese).
[4] 张锡金. 飞机设计手册第6册:气动设计[M]. 北京:航空工业出版社, 2002:739-757. ZHANG X J. Aircraft design manual vol 6:Aerodynamic design[M]. Beijing:Aviation Industry Press, 2002:739-757(in Chinese).
[5] 马超, 吴大卫,俞金海,等. 基于参数化模型的大型民用飞机设计航程研究[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(1):112-121(in Chinese). MA C, WU D W, YU J H, et al. Design range research of large civil aircraft based on parametric model[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2016, 37(1):112-121(in Chinese).
[6] 蒙文巩, 马东立,崔飞. 民用飞机系列商载航程匹配设计[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2013, 39(2):210-214. MENG W G, MA D L, CUI F. Matching design for payload and range of civil aircraft family[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013, 39(2):210-214(in Chinese).
[7] SHANNON A. Aircraft payload-range analysis for financiers[J/OL]. Aircraft Monitor(2013-04-01)[2018-06-01]. http://www.aircraftmonitor.com/uploads/1/5/9/9/15993320/aircraft_payload_range_analysis_for_financiers___v2. pdf.
[8] 程不时. 飞机设计手册第5册:民用飞机总体设计[M]. 北京:航空工业出版社, 2005:294-295. CHENG B S. Aircraft design manual vol 5:General design of civil aircraft[M]. Beijing:Aviation Industry Press, 2005:294-295(in Chinese).
[9] OBERT E. 运输类飞机的空气动力设计[M]. 顾诵芬,吴兴世,杨新军,译. 上海:上海交通大学出版社, 2010:489-492. OBERT E. Aerodynamic design of transport aircraft[M]. GU S F, WU X S, YANG X J, translated. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, 2010:489-492(in Chinese).
[10] 黄太平. 飞行性能工程[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2005:152-156. HUANG T P. Aircraft performance engineering[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2005:152-156(in Chinese).
[11] 丁松滨. 飞行性能与飞行计划[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013:122-123. DING S B. Aircraft performance and flight plan[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2013:122-123(in Chinese).
[12] 中国民用航空局. 大型飞机公共航空运输承运人运行合格审定规则:CCAR-121-R4[S]. 北京:中国民用航空局, 2010:124-125. Civil Aviation Administration of China. Large-scale public air transport aircraft carrier operating certification rules:CCAR-121-R4[S]. Beijing:CAAC, 2010:124-125(in Chinese).
[13] Boeing Commercial Airplanes. 737 Airplane characteristics for airport planning[M]. Seattle:Boeing Commercial Airplanes, 2013:23-96.
[14] Boeing Commercial Airplanes. 787 Airplane characteristics for airport planning[M]. Seattle:Boeing Commercial Airplanes, 2014:6-24.
[15] Airbus S. A. S. A320 Aircraft characteristics airport and maintenance planning[M]. Toulouse:Airbus S. A. S., 2016:28-147.
[16] Airbus S. A. S. A330 Aircraft characteristics airport and maintenance planning[M]. Toulouse:Airbus S. A. S., 2015:47-236.