操纵品质是评价和设计硬式空中加油伸缩管的重要指标，但目前尚未有系统性的评价伸缩管操纵品质的方法和结论。为了解决现有投入使用的伸缩管型号较少即用于品质研究的样本不足的问题，在对伸缩管本体特性进行分析之后，引入了可以通过改变参考模型参数而获得不同闭环响应特性的控制系统。结合伸缩管的任务特性，设计了在空中加油模拟器上完成的操纵品质试验，并采用主观以及客观两方面的评定手段对具有不同闭环响应特性的评定样本进行了操纵品质评定，从而建立了基于任务的伸缩管操纵品质评定方法。最后，利用低阶等效拟配方法获得了伸缩管的低阶等效参数，通过对多个样本的低阶等效参数与任务评定结果进行统计分析得到了伸缩管俯仰轴和偏航轴的操纵品质等级边界，从而完成伸缩管操纵品质要求的研究。建立的评定方法和操纵品质要求可以作为指导伸缩管设计与评定的理论依据。
Handling qualities are the most important factor in the design of the flying boom for air-to-air refueling. However, the systematic evaluation method and requirements of handling qualities are still not available for the research on the flying boom. In addition, there are only a few flying booms in the world, which means that the research data are not enough for the research on handling qualities. To obtain more research data to survey handling qualities, an adjustable controller is introduced in this paper after an analysis of the natural characteristics of the flying boom. The controller can change the response characteristic of the closed-loop system by changing the parameters of the reference model. In this way, the handling qualities of the samples with different response characteristics can be obtained. Then, the maneuver is designed according to the mission-oriented method to test the closed-loop system of the flying boom on the simulator. The subjective and objective evaluations are combined to get the results of handling qualities. The low-order equivalent system method is introduced to obtain the equivalent systems of the samples. The criteria for handling qualities are obtained by analyzing the relationship between the equivalent systems parameters and the results of mission-oriented method. The proposed evaluation method and requirement for handling qualities of the flying boom would provide some theoretical reference for the design and evaluatin of the flying boom.
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