间隙位置和几何对端壁冷却性能的影响
收稿日期: 2016-11-17
修回日期: 2017-03-01
网络出版日期: 2017-04-05
基金资助
国家自然科学基金（51676149）
Effects of location and geometry of slot on film cooling performance of end-wall
Received date: 2016-11-17
Revised date: 2017-03-01
Online published: 2017-04-05
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51676149)
采用数值求解三维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方程和k-ω湍流模型，研究了间隙位置和几何对燃气轮机叶片端壁冷却性能的影响。在验证数值方法正确性的基础上，研究了3种间隙位置对端壁气膜冷却性能的影响，并提出了3种渐缩梯形间隙结构，分析了渐缩间隙结构对端壁流动和冷却特性的影响。结果表明，间隙距叶片前缘距离的增大会降低叶片前缘附近马蹄涡影响区域的气膜有效度，但是，当质量流量比大于1.0%时，端壁气膜有效度分布均匀性提高。在质量流量比为0.5%时，间隙位于距叶片前缘0.1倍轴向弦长位置时，会发生主流入侵的现象。相比于原始间隙，3种渐缩梯形间隙均能够显著提高端壁气膜有效度。特别是质量流量比为1%时，3种渐缩梯形间隙使得端壁平均气膜有效度最大增大了105.36%。此外，渐缩梯形间隙还防止了在质量流量比为0.5%时，主流入侵的发生。
祝培源 , 宋立明 , 李军 , 丰镇平 . 间隙位置和几何对端壁冷却性能的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2017 , 38(9) : 520942 -520942 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2017.620942
The effects of the location and geometry of the upstream slot on the end-wall film cooling performance of a gas turbine blade are numerically investigated by solving three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the k-ω turbulence model. Based on the accuracy validation of the numerical method, the effects of three slot locations on the film cooling effectiveness of the end-wall are numerically analyzed. Three convergent trapezoid slot models are proposed, and the effect of these models on the end-wall flow and cooling characteristics are investigated. The results indicate that the increase of the distance between the slot and the blade leading edge reduced the film cooling effectiveness of the region near the leading edge influenced by the horseshoe vortex, but when the mass flow ratio (M) is larger than 1.0%, the uniformity of the film cooling effectiveness distribution is improved. When M=0.5%, the slot locating at the position 0.1 times axial chord away from the blade leading edge resulted in the ingestion of mainstream flow. Comparing with the nominal slot, the three convergent trapezoid slot models improved the end-wall film cooling effectiveness significantly. Especially for M=1.0%, the greatest improvement of end-wall average film cooling effectiveness is as much as 105.36% with the convergent trapezoid slot models. Besides, the models prevented the ingestion of mainstream flow when M=0.5%.
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