针对大型无人机(UAV)用常规配电系统占用航空总线资源多和可靠性低的问题,通过研究多电/全电飞机技术发展趋势和大型无人机供电系统技术特点,提出一种适用于大型无人机体系结构和指标要求的机载智能配电系统;建立系统的马尔可夫模型,计算和分析不同余度结构的供电处理机(PSP)和电气负载管理中心(ELMC)对系统可靠性的影响,进而实现机载智能配电系统余度结构的优化配置;提出一种适用于大型无人机机载配电系统的、基于总线形式的PSP与ELMC相互监控方法,有效解决了三余度系统的二次故障容错问题;在此基础上,采用高速数字信号处理器(DSP)、大规模现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和实时软件进行系统设计,完成了原理样机的研制。理论分析和实验结果表明,所设计的机载配电系统具有高可靠性、容错性和智能化的特点。
An intelligent airborne power distribution system for large-scale unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is presented to deal with the excessive avionics bus resource occupancy and low reliability of traditional power distribution systems in keeping with the development of aircraft electric technology and the electrical system characteristics of UAVs. In order to realize the optimal allocation of intelligent airborne power distribution system redundancy structure, the approach establishes a Markov model to analyze the impact of different redundancy power supply processors (PSPs) and electrical load management centers (ELMCs) on system reliability. At the same time, a mutual monitoring approach between the PSP and the ELMC is put forward to solve the fault monitoring problem for the dual redundant system. On this basis, a prototype is developed with a high speed digital signal processor (DSP), huge field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and real-time software. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the designed airborne power distribution system has the characteristics of high reliability, fault tolerance and intelligence.
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