为实现飞机大部件装配过程的数字化、自动化和柔性化,研制了大型飞机机身调姿与对接试验系统。阐述了该系统的工作原理,通过激光跟踪仪测量试验机身上的检测点,集成管理系统计算试验机身的位姿,控制系统驱动多个三坐标数控定位器协同运动,实现试验机身的调姿与对接。建立了位姿调整机构的运动学模型,针对构建的硬件平台完成了包括集成管理系统、测量系统和控制系统在内的软件开发与集成,并对系统的性能进行了测试。试验结果表明,试验机身的位置调整精度优于0.09 mm,姿态调整精度优于0.000 5°。试验系统涉及的若干关键技术已成功应用于多项国家重点型号工程,大幅提高了飞机装配的质量和效率。
To realize numeralization, automation and flexibility during large aircraft components assembly, a novel posture alignment and joining test system for large aircraft fuselages is developed. Firstly, the working principle of the test system is introduced. Based on test-fuselages’ measurement data from the laser tracker, test-fuselages’ postures are calculated by integrated management system, and several three coordinate numerical control localizers are driven to move harmoniously by control system, to achieve test-fuselages’ posture alignment and joining. Secondly, the kinematics model for the posture alignment system is established. The relevant software, including integrated management system, measure system and control system, are developed and integrated on the basis of the hardware platform. Finally, the test system is applied to simulate test-fuselages’ posture alignment and joining. Experimental results show that test-fuselages’ position alignment precision is better than 0.09 mm, and test-fuselages’ posture alignment precision is better than 0.000 5°. Some technologies of the test system have been successfully applied in several national key projects, which can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of the aircraft assembly.
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