Aerospace vehicles represent a new class of equipment with highly integrated structural and electromagnetic characteristics. This integration demands the seamless fusion of load-bearing, high-temperature resistance, and other mechanical properties with advanced electromagnetic functionalities such as wave transparency, stealth, and radio frequency. Such a combination is essential to meet the complex and demanding requirements of modern aerospace applications. First, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the primary features and practical requirements of aerospace vehicles. Through meticulous research and study, a tetrahedral design framework is established that integrates Load-bearing, Wave-transparent, Stealth, and Radio-frequency (LWSR). The scientific impli-cations of the functions at each vertex of the tetrahedron are elaborated in detail, providing a profound understanding of the underly-ing principles and mechanisms. Second, it offers an in-depth review of the latest advancements in three typical types of electromag-netic functional structures for aerospace vehicles: radome structures, stealth skin structures, and integrated conformal antenna struc-tures. These structures play a crucial role in enhancing the performance and capabilities of aerospace vehicles in various aspects. Finally, the future development trends of electromagnetic functional structures for aerospace vehicles are thoroughly discussed. Ad-dressing key challenges such as multi-physical field coupling, adaptation to extreme environments, multifunctional integration, intel-ligent perception and response, and control mechanisms is of paramount importance for the continued progress and success of aero-space vehicle technology.