Fluid Mechanics and Vehicle Conceptual Design

Ignition and combustion characteristics of micro-sized aluminum particles in H2O and O2

  • Zejun HU ,
  • Yunchao FENG ,
  • Zhicheng HE ,
  • Zhixun XIA ,
  • Mingtai LI
Expand
  • College of Aerospace Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha  410073,China

Received date: 2023-04-13

  Revised date: 2023-05-04

  Accepted date: 2023-05-12

  Online published: 2023-05-15

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006240);Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2021JJ30775)

Abstract

The ignition and combustion characteristics of single micro-sized aluminum particles (50-160 μm) in water vapor and different oxygen contents are studied experimentally. The initial diameters and flame average diameters of the aluminum particles are determined by their optical information, and the ignition delay time and combustion time are divided. Different combustion behaviors will occur in the combustion process of aluminum particles. Particle fragmentation and injection are more likely to occur in the environment with higher temperature, and micro-explosion is more prevalent in the environment with higher oxygen content. Increasing the ambient temperature or oxygen content can reduce the ignition delay time of the particles, but the higher temperature makes the combustion time of the particles longer, which may be caused by the high temperature alumina taking away a lot of heat. Increasing the oxygen content can effectively reduce the combustion time of the particles. In weak oxidation environment, the combustion of aluminum particles is concentrated on the surface, and is difficult to burn completely. The surface reaction plays an important role in the combustion process.

Cite this article

Zejun HU , Yunchao FENG , Zhicheng HE , Zhixun XIA , Mingtai LI . Ignition and combustion characteristics of micro-sized aluminum particles in H2O and O2[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023 , 44(15) : 528866 -528866 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28866

References

1 MARSH A W, WANG G T, HEYBORNE J D, et al. Time-resolved size, velocity, and temperature statistics of aluminum combustion in solid rocket propellants[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute202138(3): 4417-4424.
2 CHEN Y, GUILDENBECHER D R, HOFFMEISTER K N G, et al. Study of aluminum particle combustion in solid propellant plumes using digital in-line holography and imaging pyrometry[J]. Combustion and Flame2017182: 225-237.
3 GOROSHIN S, HIGGINS A, KAMEL M. Powdered metals as fuel for hypersonic ramjets:AIAA-2001-3919[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2001.
4 BERGTHORSON J M. Recyclable metal fuels for clean and compact zero-carbon power[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science201868: 169-196.
5 BERGTHORSON J M, YAVOR Y, PALECKA J, et al. Metal-water combustion for clean propulsion and power generation[J]. Applied Energy2017186: 13-27.
6 MILLER T F, HERR J D. Green rocket propulsion by reaction of Al and Mg powders and water:AIAA-2004-4037[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2004.
7 WATERS D F, CADOU C P. Modeling a hybrid Rankine-cycle/fuel-cell underwater propulsion system based on aluminum-water combustion[J]. Journal of Power Sources2013221: 272-283.
8 HUANG H T, ZOU M S, GUO X Y, et al. Analysis of the aluminum reaction efficiency in a hydro-reactive fuel propellant used for a water ramjet[J]. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves201349(5): 541-547.
9 BARONE D, LOTH E, WEISS P, et al. Feasibility of water-aluminum reactor power (WARP) for long endurance UUVs: AIAA-2011-5904[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2011.
10 INGENITO A, BRUNO C. Using aluminum for space propulsion[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power200420(6): 1056-1063.
11 CONNELL T L, RISHA G A, YETTER R A, et al. Combustion of alane and aluminum with water for hydrogen and thermal energy generation[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute201133(2): 1957-1965.
12 TAPPAN B C, DIRMYER M R, RISHA G A. Evidence of a kinetic isotope effect in nanoaluminum and water combustion[J]. Angewandte Chemie2014126(35): 9372-9375.
13 RISHA G A, CONNELL T L, YETTER R A, et al. Combustion of frozen nanoaluminum and water mixtures[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power201430(1): 133-142.
14 GEORGES W, YAVOR Y, HIGGINS A J, et al. Burning rate of nano-aluminum-water propellant at high pressures: AIAA-2014-0648[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2014.
15 ERMOLAEV B S, KHRAPOVSKII V E, SHMELEV V M. Convective burning of an aluminum-water mixture[J]. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B20148(5): 680-686.
16 SUNDARAM D S, YANG V, CONNELL T L, et al. Flame propagation of nano/micron-sized aluminum particles and ice (ALICE) mixtures[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute201334(2): 2221-2228.
17 SIPPEL T R, POURPOINT T L, SON S F. Combustion of nanoaluminum and water propellants: Effect of equivalence ratio and safety/aging characterization[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 201338(1): 56-66.
18 KITTELL D E, GROVEN L J, SIPPEL T R, et al. Dependence of nano-aluminum and water propellant combustion on pH and rheology[J]. Combustion Science and Technology2013185(5): 817-834.
19 WOOD T D, PFEIL M A, POURPOINT T L, et al. Feasibility study and demonstration of an aluminum and ice solid propellant: AIAA-2009-4890[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2009.
20 SABOURIN J L, RISHA G A, YETTER R A, et al. Combustion characteristics of nanoaluminum, liquid water, and hydrogen peroxide mixtures[J]. Combustion and Flame2008154(3): 587-600.
21 RISHA G A, SON S F, YETTER R A, et al. Combustion of nano-aluminum and liquid water[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute200731(2): 2029-2036.
22 YETTER R A, RISHA G A, SON S F. Metal particle combustion and nanotechnology[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute200932(2): 1819-1838.
23 SUNDARAM D S, YANG V. Combustion of micron-sized aluminum particle, liquid water, and hydrogen peroxide mixtures[J]. Combustion and Flame2014161(9): 2469-2478.
24 ZASECK C R, SON S F, POURPOINT T L. Combustion of micron-aluminum and hydrogen peroxide propellants[J]. Combustion and Flame2013160(1): 184-190.
25 KI W, SHMELEV V, FINIAKOV S, et al. Combustion of micro aluminum-water mixtures[J]. Combustion and Flame2013160(12): 2990-2995.
26 SIPPEL T R, SON S F, GROVEN L J, et al. Exploring mechanisms for agglomerate reduction in composite solid propellants with polyethylene inclusion modified aluminum[J]. Combustion and Flame2015162(3): 846-854.
27 MARION M, CHAUVEAU C, G?KALP I. Studies on the ignition and burning of levitated aluminum particles[J]. Combustion Science and Technology1996115(4/5/6): 369-390.
28 DREIZIN E L. Experimental study of stages in aluminium particle combustion in air[J]. Combustion and Flame1996105(4): 541-556.
29 BUCHER P, YETTER R A, DRYER F L, et al. Flames structure measurement of single, isolated aluminum particles burning in air[J]. Symposium (International) on Combustion199626(2): 1899-1908.
30 GILL R J, BADIOLA C, DREIZIN E L. Combustion times and emission profiles of micron-sized aluminum particles burning in different environments[J]. Combustion and Flame2010157(11): 2015-2023.
31 MOHAN S, FURET L, DREIZIN E L. Aluminum particle ignition in different oxidizing environments[J]. Combustion and Flame2010157(7): 1356-1363.
32 LYNCH P, KRIER H, GLUMAC N. A correlation for burn time of aluminum particles in the transition regime[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute200932(2): 1887-1893.
33 BECKSTEAD M W. Correlating aluminum burning times[J]. Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves200541(5): 533-546.
34 GLORIAN J, GALLIER S, CATOIRE L. On the role of heterogeneous reactions in aluminum combustion[J]. Combustion and Flame2016168: 378-392.
35 BOJKO B T, DESJARDIN P. Modeling the diffusion to kinetically controlled burning transition of micron-sized aluminum particles: AIAA-2015-0166[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2015.
36 STARIK A M, KULESHOV P S, SHARIPOV A S, et al. Numerical analysis of nanoaluminum combustion in steam[J]. Combustion and Flame2014161(6): 1659-1667.
37 SCHOENITZ M, CHEN C M, DREIZIN E L. Oxidation of aluminum particles in the presence of water[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B2009113(15): 5136-5140.
38 WASHBURN E B, TRIVEDI J N, CATOIRE L, et al. The simulation of the combustion of micrometer-sized aluminum particles with steam[J]. Combustion Science and Technology2008180(8): 1502-1517.
39 ZHANG J R, XIA Z X, MA L K, et al. Experimental study on aluminum particles combustion in a turbulent jet[J]. Energy2021214: 118889.
40 FENG Y C, XIA Z X, HUANG L Y, et al. Ignition and combustion of a single aluminum particle in hot gas flow[J]. Combustion and Flame2018196: 35-44.
41 FENG Y C, XIA Z X, HUANG L Y, et al. Effect of ambient temperature on the ignition and combustion process of single aluminium particles[J]. Energy2018162: 618-629.
Outlines

/