Aiming at the control plane redundancy of the compound rotorcraft in multi-mode transition process, a control allocation strategy based on weighted multi-objective hybrid optimization is proposed. Drawing on the characteristics of control surfaces in the transition mode, a control allocation model for aircraft with constrained transition procedure is established. A hybrid multi-objective optimization performance index evaluation function is designed, which effectively handle the limitation, the cross strong coupling, and the nonlinear characteristics of control surfaces, and reduces the energy consumption. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to dynamically update the weight coefficient matrixes of the steering surface manipulation and the control channels, improve the control surface control efficiency, speed up the optimization of the search speed, and quickly solve the steering surface manipulation of the multi-object control allocation in the transition mode. The strategy realizes the real-time effective steering surface control allocation of the compound rotorcraft in the mode switching transition process, ensuring the ability of the aircraft to quickly and accurately track the control commands. At the same time, the multi-objective control allocation makes it unnecessary to extra conversion controllers in the transition mode, reducing the difficulty of the flight control system design and improving the system security.
[1] PASSE B, SRIDHARAN A, BAEDER J. Computational investigation of coaxial rotor interactional aerodynamics in steady forward flight[C]//33rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. Reston, VA:AIAA, 2015:29.
[2] ZHAO Y, LI X, SHI Y, et al. Analysis on rotor-propellers interaction flowfield for compound double-thust-propeller high-speed helicopters[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2017, 49(2):154-164.
[3] REDDINGER J, GANDHI F. Physics-based trim optimization of an articulated slowed-rotor compound helicopter in high-speed flight[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2015, 52(6):1756-1766.
[4] HERSEY S, SRIDHARAN A, CELI R. Multiobjective performance optimization of a coaxial compound rotorcraft configuration[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2017, 54(4):1498-1507.
[5] REDDINGER J, GANDHI F, KANG H. Using control redundancy for power and vibration reduction on a compound helicopter at high speeds[J]. Journal of The American Helicopter Society, 2018, 63(3):1-13.
[6] JIANG X, SU C, XU Y, et al. An adaptive backstepping sliding mode method for flight attitude of quadrotor UAVs[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2018, 25(3):616-631.
[7] BOSKOVIC J D, MEHRA R K. Control allocation in overactuated aircraft under position and rate limiting[C]//Proceedings of the American Control Conference. Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press, 2002:791-796.
[8] BODSON M. Evaluation of optimization methods for control allocation[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2002, 25(4):703-711.
[9] PETERSEN J, BODSON M. Constrained quadratic programming techniques for control allocation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2006, 14(1):91-98.
[10] DOMAN D, OPPENHEIMER M. Improving control allocation accuracy for nonlinear aircraft dynamics[C]//AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit. Reston, VA:AIAA, 2002.
[11] BOLENDER M A, DOMAN D B. Nonlinear control allocation using piecewise linear functions:A linear programming approach[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2005, 28(3):558-562.
[12] HU Q, LI B, ZHANG Y. Nonlinear proportional-derivative control incorporating closed-loop control allocation for spacecraft[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2014, 37(3):799-812.
[13] CRISTOFARO A, POLYCARPOU M M, JOHANSEN T A. Fault-tolerant control allocation for overactuated nonlinear systems[J]. Asian Journal of Control, 2018, 20(2):621-634.
[14] PEDRO J O, TSHABALALA T B. Fault-tolerant control of fixed-wing UAV using GA-optimised control allocation technique[C]//2017 11th ASian Control Conference (ASCC). Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press, 2017:371-376.
[15] HAMAYUN M T, EDWARDS C, ALWI H. Design and analysis of an integral sliding mode fault-tolerant control scheme[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2012, 57(7):1783-1789.
[16] 路遥, 董朝阳, 王青, 等. 存在整数约束的分布式驱动变体飞行器控制分配[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2018, 35(8):1083-1091 LU Y, DONG C Y, WANG Q, et al. Control allocation for distributed driving morphing aircraft with integer constraints[J]. Control Theory & Applications, 2018, 35(8):1083-1091(in Chinese).
[17] BUFFINGTON J. Tailless aircraft control allocation[C]//Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, Guidance, Navigation, and Control and Co-located Conferences, Reston, VA:AIAA, 1997.
[18] 杨恩泉, 高金源, 李卫琪. 多目标非线性控制分配方法研究[J]. 航空学报, 2008, 29(4):995-1001 YANG E Q, GAO J Y, LI W Q. Research on multi-object nonlinear control allocation[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronuatica Sinica, 2008, 29(4):995-1001(in Chinese).
[19] 贾瑞, 吴梅. 基于遗传算法的控制分配在飞艇中的应用[J]. 飞行力学, 2014, 32(4):364-367 JIA R, WU M. Application of genetic algorithm based control allocation in airship[J]. Flight Dynamics, 2014, 32(4):364-367(in Chinese).
[20] CHOLLOM T D, OFODILE N, UBADIKE O. Application techniques of multi-objective particle swarm optimization:Aircraft flight control[C]//2016 UKACC 11th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press, 2016.
[21] LEE J H, BYOUNG-MUN M, EUNG-TAI K. Autopilot design of tilt-rotor UAV using particle swarm optimization method[C]//2007 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems. Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press, 2007.
[22] 徐冠峰, 陈铭. 小型共轴式直升机旋翼桨叶铰链力矩研究[J]. 航空动力学报, 2010, 25(8):1805-1810. XU G F, CHEN M. Research on rotor blade hinge moment of a small-scale coaxial helicopter[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2010, 25(8):1805-1810(in Chinese).
[23] CHEN R TN, LEBACQZ J V, AIKEN E W. Helicopter mathematical models and control law development for handing qualities:NASA-CR-249[R]. Washington, D.C.:NASA, 1988.
[24] 蒋鸿翔, 徐锦法, 高正, 等. 新型复合式无人直升机悬停/着陆控制[J]. 航空学报, 2008, 29(S1):46-54. JIANG H X, XU J F, GAO Z, et al. Hover/landing control for the novel compound unmanned aerial helicopter[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronuatica Sinica, 2008, 29(S1):46-54(in Chinese).
[25] 陈仁良, 李攀, 吴伟, 等. 直升机飞行动力学数学建模问题[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(7):620915. CHEN R L, LI P, WU W, et al. A review of mathematical modeling of helicopter flight dynamics[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronuatica Sinica, 2017, 38(7):6-22(in Chinese).
[26] 韩敏, 何泳. 基于高斯混沌变异和精英学习的自适应多目标粒子群算法[J]. 控制与决策, 2016, 31(8):1372-1378. HAN M, HE B. Adaptive multi-objective particle swarm optimization with Gaussian chaotic mutation elite learning[J]. Control and Decision, 2016, 31(8):1372-1378(in Chinese).