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Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 531556.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31556

• Material Engineering and Mechanical Manufacturing • Previous Articles    

Research status and prospect of space robot operation technology

Xilun DING, Yitong CHEN, Chengcai WANG(), Kun XU   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
  • Received:2024-11-20 Revised:2024-12-09 Accepted:2024-12-30 Online:2025-01-14 Published:2025-01-14
  • Contact: Chengcai WANG E-mail:cc_wang@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52405003);Beijing Nova Program

Abstract:

Space robots serve as indispensable tools for executing tasks such as on-orbit servicing, planetary exploration, sample retrieval, and the construction of extraterrestrial facilities. The operational technologies of space robots encompass multiple aspects, such as visual perception, precise modeling, planning and control, human-robot interaction, and multi-robot collaboration. These technologies are essential to ensure the efficient and accurate execution of diverse space operations. This paper systematically reviews representative space robots and their operation technologies world-wide. Key techniques involved in the operation of space robots are analyzed from four perspectives: visual perception and localization in unstructured environments, dynamic modeling of rigid-flexible coupled systems, planning and control under dynamic constraints and limited resources, and human-machine interaction and multi-agent collaborative operations. Furthermore, challenges and future directions for the autonomous and intelligent operation of space robots are discussed in the context of China’‍s evolving deep-space exploration strategies and mission requirements.

Key words: space robots, on-orbit operations, planetary surface operations, visual perception, dynamic modeling, planning and control, human-robot interaction, multi-robot collaboration

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