平纹碳/碳复合材料指尖密封径向刚度特性多尺度研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30878

Abstract

Abstract:

Carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix （C/C） composite have unique excellent characteristics such as self-lubrication and wear resistance， making them well-suited to the technical requirements of dynamic seals and their corresponding application environments. These characteristics can significantly improve the service life of finger seals. However， the anisotropy performance， heterogeneous micro-structure and the complex curve lead to the complex mechanical characteristics of C/C composite finger beams， which further affects the sealing performance and service life of finger seals. Therefore，a multi-scale finite element model of the C/C composite finger seals was firstly constructed by analyzing the multi-scale structures and performance of the plain woven C/C composite laminates. Secondly， the variation trend and circumferential distribution characteristics of radial static stiffness of C/C composite finger beams with different positions and number of layers were analyzed deeply by the multi-scale finite element method. Finally， a radial mechanical performance test platform of the finger beam was built， and radial static stiffness of C/C composite finger beams with different angular positions was verified by experiments. The research results show that the load of circular finger beam increased linearly with the radial displacement， and its radial stiffness kept constant. The radial stiffness of the finger beam with three layers of carbon fiber fabric was about 3 times that of the finger beam with single layer. The radial stiffness of circumferential distributed finger beams presents a periodic distribution characteristic of decreasing first and then increasing， with a period of 90°， and the minimum stiffness was about 68% of the maximum stiffness. A large difference in radial stiffness will lead to local wear and hysteretic leakage. The research provides a reference and basis for the structure optimization and sealing performance of C/C composite finger seals.

Key words: finger seal, C/C composite, plain weave, multi-scale modeling, stiffness characteristic

CLC Number:

V257

Danlong SONG, Yuanhao WANG, Keyi HUA, Chunhua DU, Yanchao ZHANG, Yunjuan JING. Multi-scale study of radial stiffness characteristics of plain C/C composite finger seals[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 430878.

Figures/Tables 14

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力学性能参数	数值
纵向弹性模量E₁/GPa	144
横向弹性模量E₂/GPa	8.7
纵向剪切模量G₁₂/GPa	6.7
横向剪切模量G₂₃/GPa	3.5
纵向泊松比ν₁₂	0.24
横向泊松比ν₂₃	0.24

结构参数	数值
指尖密封外圆直径D_o/mm	92
指尖密封厚度t/mm	2.1
指尖梁根圆直径D_b/mm	84
指尖梁顶圆直径D_f/mm	78
指尖密封内圆直径D_i/mm	77
指尖梁型线基圆直径D_c/mm	74
指尖靴周向角θ/（°）	10.95
指尖靴周向间隙角θ'/（°）	0.3
指尖梁个数Z	32

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Multi-scale study of radial stiffness characteristics of plain C/C composite finger seals

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