融合先验信息的民航发动机自适应气路故障诊断方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30871

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the problem of difficulty in effective fault diagnosis for civil aviation engines due to insufficient numbers of sensors， an Adaptive Gas Path Analysis Model incorporated with Prior Information （AGPAM-PI） is proposed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of engine fault diagnosis. The AGPAM-PI combines the prior information of the engine fingerprint and the nonlinear gas path fault diagnosis method. The fault information is firstly supplemented through the fingerprint diagram， the solution range of fault factors is constrained， and then the nonlinear gas path analysis model is used for fault diagnosis. The model is validated using the data from a CFM56-7B engine that experienced a fault during actual operation. The results show that the model accurately locates the fault of the engine and analyzes the engine fault mode through engine fault diagnosis rules， which proves the validity of the model. Compared with traditional gas path fault diagnosis methods， the introduction of prior fault information improves the ability to distinguish unit faults and enhances diagnostic accuracy.

Key words: civil aviation engine, fault diagnosis, component-level modeling, information fusion, nonlinear gas path analysis

CLC Number:

V263.6

Qing GUO, Xiaoyang LIU, Junfeng FAN, Yu FU, Hongfu ZUO. Adaptive gas path fault diagnosis method of civil aviation engine fusing prior information[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(4): 230871.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Fig.7

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Results of AGPAM-PI analysis

故障单元	单元体故障因子
故障单元	△ $W ˜$	△ $E ˜$
HPC	-4.526 7	-1.826 4
HPT	-0.025 2	0

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

References 26

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参数名称	符号及单位
低压转子转速	N₁/（r·min^-1）
风扇进口总压	P_t2/MB
高压压气机出口静压	P_s3/PSIA
发动机排气温度	T_EGT/℃
高压压气机进口总温	T₂₅/℃
高压压气机出口总温	T₃/℃
燃油流量	W_f/（kg·h^-1）
高压转子转速	N₂/（r·min^-1）

巡航标准	参数名称	判据
飞行状态	H_ALT	>2×10⁴ ft
飞行状态	Ma	0.6<Ma<0.9
稳态条件	ΔT_TAT	<±1 ℃
	ΔN₁	<±0.5%
	ΔH_ALT	<±100 ft
	ΔMa	<±0.01
	ΔN₂	<±1%
	ECS bleed	发动机引气稳定，整流罩、机翼防冰关闭

气路参数	数值
低压转子转速/%	85.8
高压转子转速/%	89.6
高压压气机进口总温/℃	41.5
高压压气机出口总温/℃	383
燃油流量/（kg·h^-1）	1 234
高压压气机出口静压/PSIA	124
发动机排气温度/℃	607
客舱引气/（kg·s^-1）	0.66

气路参数	A	B	P/%
高压转子转速/%	89.6	89.61	0.011
高压压气机进口总温/℃	41.5	41.5	0
高压压气机出口总温/℃	383	382.9	0.026
燃油流量/（kg·h^-1）	1 234	1 236	-0.162
高压压气机出口静压/PSIA	124	129.8	-4.677
发动机排气温度/℃	607	606.3	0.155

故障代码	故障名称	故障征兆
F1	风扇叶片结垢	风扇流量下降7%，风扇效率下降2%
F2	风扇叶片顶端间隙增大	风扇流量下降4%
F3	风扇叶片受外物损伤	风扇效率下降5%
F4	风扇叶片腐蚀	风扇效率下降2%
LC1	增压级叶片结垢	增压级流量下降7%，增压级效率下降2%
LC2	增压级叶片顶端间隙增大	增压级流量下降4%
LC3	增压级叶片受外物损伤	增压级效率下降5%
LC4	增压级叶片腐蚀	增压级效率下降2%
HC1	压气机叶片结垢	压气机流量下降7%，压气机效率下降2%
HC2	压气机叶片顶端间隙增大	压气机流量下降4%
HC3	压气机叶片受外物损伤	压气机效率下降5%
HC4	压气机叶片腐蚀	压气机效率下降2%
HT1	高压涡轮叶片结垢	高压涡轮流量下降6%，高压涡轮效率下降2%
HT2	高压涡轮喷嘴腐蚀	高压涡轮折合流量增加6%
HT3	高压涡轮叶片磨损	高压涡轮流量增加6%，高压涡轮效率下降2%
HT4	高压涡轮叶片机械损伤	高压涡轮效率下降5%
LT1	低压涡轮叶片结垢	低压涡轮流量下降6%，低压涡轮效率下降2%
LT2	低压涡轮喷嘴腐蚀	低压涡轮折合流量增加6%
LT3	低压涡轮叶片磨损	低压涡轮流量增加6%，低压涡轮效率下降2%
LT4	低压涡轮叶片机械损伤	低压涡轮效率下降5%

Adaptive gas path fault diagnosis method of civil aviation engine fusing prior information

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