基于FDM技术的填充型阶梯结构宽频吸波体

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30486

Abstract

Abstract:

Broadband absorption poses a significant challenge in the development of wave absorbers for practical applications. We utilized Fused Deposition Modeling （FDM） technology to fabricate the absorber shell， by employing homemade Graphene （rGO）-Fe₃O₄/Ethyl Cellulose Ethoce （EC） composite microspheres as the absorber material. We investigated the influence of geometric parameters of the unit structure and the inter-layer distribution of materials on the absorption performance， and analyzed the variation characteristics of equivalent impedance matching through normalization. Our findings demonstrate that the absorber exhibits broadband absorption， polarization-independent characteristics， and large-angle absorption properties. Physical testing of the absorber reveals a 99% effective absorption （reflection loss less than -10 dB） bandwidth （2.1 GHz to 18.0 GHz） within the 2 GHz to 18 GHz range， with peak reflective loss intensities of -21.9 dB and -24.1 dB， respectively. These results closely align with CST simulations， demonstrating effective absorption and peak intensities of -20.6 dB and -20.1 dB over the entire 2 GHz to 18 GHz range. For Transverse Electric Wave （TE） polarization， the absorber maintains a 15 GHz effective absorption bandwidth at an incident angle of 40°， and effective absorption in the X and Ku bands at 50°. The absorber's performance is attributed to well-regulated equivalent impedance matching， while the gradient parameters within its structure significantly increase the number of electromagnetic wave reflections， thereby fully utilizing the diffraction capabilities of electromagnetic waves.

Key words: wave absorber, graphene, electromagnetic wave, broadband absorption, equivalent impedance matching

CLC Number:

V257

Yongsheng YE, Qinfeng LIU, Ruipeng JIA, Di DING, Weidong JIAO, Xicong YE, Haihua WU, Enyi HE. Broadband wave absorber with filled step-structured design using FDM technology[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(1): 430486.

Figures/Tables 17

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References 27

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复合微球	含量/g
复合微球	EC	Fe₃O₄	rGO
4.1% rGO-Fe₃O₄/EC	2.5	2.0	0.3
6.6% rGO-Fe₃O₄/EC	2.5	2.0	0.5
10.2% rGO-Fe₃O₄/EC	2.5	2.0	0.8

吸波体编号	rGO含量/%
吸波体编号	透波层	吸收层	再吸收层	反射层
A1	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1
A2	4.1	6.6	6.6	6.6
A3	4.1	10.2	10.2	10.2

B1	6.6	4.1	6.6	10.2
B2	6.6	6.6	10.2	4.1
B3	6.6	10.2	4.1	6.6

C1	10.2	4.1	10.2	6.6
C2	10.2	6.6	4.1	10.2
C3	10.2	10.2	6.6	4.1

吸波体	反射损耗/dB	有效吸收带宽/GHz	相对吸收带宽/%	平均吸收强度/dB
A1	-47.20	11.83	97.6	13.57
A2	-32.40	15.41	141.5	13.82
A3	-56.54	14.72	138.0	14.98

B1	-28.96	16.00	160.0	13.61
B2	-21.19	13.72	123.0	13.50
B3	-22.67	14.80	139.0	13.56

C1	-20.84	13.80	124.0	13.81
C2	-27.98	13.20	124.0	12.99
C3	-21.56	13.16	119.0	13.16

吸波体编号	rGO含量/%
吸波体编号	透波层	吸收层	再吸收层	反射层	平均反射损耗/dB
B1	6.6	4.1	6.6	10.2	-16.55
B1-1	4.1	4.1	6.6	10.2	-19.41
B1-2	10.2	4.1	6.6	10.2	-14.99
B1-3	6.6	6.6	6.6	10.2	-17.15
B1-4	6.6	10.2	6.6	10.2	-17.31
B1-5	6.6	4.1	4.1	10.2	-16.84
B1-6	6.6	4.1	10.2	10.2	-16.26
B1-7	6.6	4.1	6.6	4.1	-16.83
B1-8	6.6	4.1	6.6	6.6	-16.51

结构	材料	厚度/mm	相对吸收带宽（RL<-10 dB）/GHz
四层周期阶梯^［23］	碳纳米管/石膏	8.0	4.2~40.0
四边形锥体（阶梯材料）^［24］	铁硅铝/氧化硅	19.0	1.7~18.0
塔状多层阶梯^［5］	羰基铁粉/聚乳酸	25.0	12.9~18.0
阶梯^［7］	外壳+碳/石蜡	11.0	7~40， 75~110
阶梯^［21］	碳纤维/丙烯腈	6.5	5.3~18.0
多层圆柱体+层板^［25］	碳纤维/丙烯腈	6.12+3.25	3.9~12.0
多层金字塔^［26］	碳纳米管@丙烯腈/环氧树脂	100.0	2~18
宏观多层金字塔^［27］	碳纳米管@丙烯腈	40.0	3.64~18.00
三层梯形^［22］	碳纳米管/聚乙烯	7.5	2.85~18.00
梯度^［2］	羰基铁粉/热塑树脂	10.0	5.1~40.0
梯度^［2］	羰基铁/石墨烯	50.0	3.38~18.00

Broadband wave absorber with filled step-structured design using FDM technology

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