基于CFD计算域分区耦合技术的航空微型溢流阀流固耦合全域数值计算

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30202

Abstract

Abstract:

Aviation miniature plug-in relief valves in aircraft hydraulic systems have a micro channel structure. Its mechanism of inducing transport characteristics of internal fluid as well as that inducing two-phase flow remains unclear， and the influence of characteristic parameters on product features is not yet well-defined. Therefore， there is an urgent need to develop relevant simulation models for analysis and perform experimental tests. Here， we conduct simulation and experimental studies on an aviation plug-in relief valve in the aircraft hydraulic systems. In the simulation calculation， the influence of the global structural changes and the migration of partial boundary conditions of the valve caused by the spool motion process were considered. Based on the fluid-structure coupling technology， a CFD computational domain division coupling technology was proposed specifically for the complex flow passage structure of the relief valve researched in this paper， which was used to establish a numerical calculation model for the valve global domain. Based on the full cavitation model， turbulence model and spool dynamics calculation model， this computational model can accurately simulate transient characteristics throughout the entire operating cycle， providing insights into the dynamic evolution law of distribution of pressure field， velocity field， cavitation characteristics， and the dynamic variation of spool kinetic characteristics with spool action. To ensure the simulation accuracy， we built the performance test device. Further， a surrogate model for the input output mapping relationship of the valve CFD model was constructed， significantly improving the computational efficiency of the original model. Applying it to large sample model evaluation， we conducted the global sensitivity analysis of the opening and closing as well as the flow characteristic parameters to the input parameters. Results show that the opening and closing process of the researched valve are continuous， rapid， and stable， which can effectively ensure system security. The simulation results of the pressure-flow rate are in good agreement with the experimental data， and the maximum error throughout the entire cycle remains within 5%. Furthermore， the spring characteristics and maximum displacement have a significant impact on the opening and closing characteristics of the valve， requiring particular attention on the design and manufacturing processes of this component. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate flow mechanisms within the miniature plug-in relief valve， providing theoretical guidance for the development process and holding significant value in enhancing the operational reliability and stability of the hydraulic control system in which the relief valve is employed.

Key words: micro-valve, CFD, flow-structure coupling, transient flow field characteristics, sensitivity analysis

CLC Number:

V249.12

Jiaxing ZHU, Yining LI, Shiyong NIU, Yisong TIAN, Di LI, Yiming XIE. Global numerical calculation of fluid-structure coupling of aero micro-relief valve based on CFD computation domain division coupling technology[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(15): 630202.

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参数	子域1	子域2	子域3	子域4	子域7	子域9
最大单元尺寸	0.007	0.01	0.005	0.004	0.004	0.007
最小单元尺寸	0.000 3	0.001	0.000 4	0.000 3	7×10^-5	0.000 2
表面单元尺寸	0.007	0.005	0.002 5	0.001	0.003	0.007

参数	子域5	子域6	子域8
轴向网格数量	40	120	30
周向网格数量	40	80	50
径向网格数量	3	3	8

位置	间隙最小尺寸/（10^-5m）	网格最小尺寸/（10^-5m）
间隙1-1	4.5	1.5
间隙1-2	3.0	1.0
间隙2	4.0	0.5

流体参数	数值
流体密度/（kg·m^-3）	839.3
黏度/（Pa·s）	0.011
温度/K	313.15
动力学参数	数值
初始位移/m	0
初始速度/（m·s^-1）	0
阀芯质量/kg	0.000 526
弹簧刚度/（N·m^-1）	27 000
预紧力/N	70
流体求解器参数	条件
时间精度	First order
松弛方法	Automatic
数值计算方案	Upwind
空化模型参数	条件
Time accuracy	First order
数值计算方案	Upwind
湍流模型参数	数值与条件
Time accuracy	First order
数值计算方案	Upwind
湍流扩散率Prandtl数	1.3
湍流扩散率Prandtl数	1

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Global numerical calculation of fluid-structure coupling of aero micro-relief valve based on CFD computation domain division coupling technology

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