铝合金激光超声表面检测中EMAT接收性能对比

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.28085

Abstract

Abstract:

Meander-line coil Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer （EMAT）， linear coil in-plane EMAT， and linear coil out-of-plane EMAT are often used to receive ultrasonic waves in the laser-EMAT Rayleigh Wave （RW） detection of aluminum alloy plate. However， the reception performance and applications of these three types of EMATs remain unclear. Therefore， a finite element model of the laser-EMAT RW detection process for aluminum alloys was first established， and the effects of three types of EMAT configurations on the energy of RW， shear wave， and longitudinal wave modes of ultrasonic were analyzed. Secondly， the effects of the surface constraint mechanism on the RW amplitude and its purity were studied， and the surface defect detection capability of the three types of EMATs was explored. Finally， three types of EMAT probes were made， and RW detection experiments were carried out with laser-EMAT on aluminum alloy plates. The influence of the surface constraint mechanism on the amplitude of each mode of ultrasonic waves received by the three types of EMATs and the ability of surface defect detection was analyzed. The results show that compared to the linear coil in-plane EMAT， the meander-line coil EMAT and linear coil out-of-plane EMAT receive a higher purity RW and are more suitable for surface defect detection. The multi-mode ultrasonic wave received by the linear coil in-plane EMAT is obvious， which is shown to be more suitable for simultaneous detection of surface/internal defects. Compared to the non-surface constraint mechanism， the RW amplitude of three kinds of EMATs can be enhanced more than two times by using the surface constraint mechanism， with the enhancement of the RW amplitude of the meander-line coil EMAT being the most significant. Compared to the laser-linear coil in-plane EMAT without a surface constraint mechanism， the laser-linear coil out-of-plane EMAT with a surface constraint mechanism can increase the received DW amplitude by more than 6 times.

Key words: aluminum alloy, laser-EMAT, surface defect, surface constraint mechanism, spatial resolution

CLC Number:

V261.3

Pan HE, Chao LU, Wenze SHI, Ying ZHU, Guo CHEN, Liping ZHAO. Comparation of reception performance of EMATs in laser ultrasonic surface detection of aluminum alloys[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(16): 428085-428085.

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参数	数值
试样高度 h_s/mm	30
试样宽度 w_s/mm	120
永磁体高度 h_m/mm	5
永磁体宽度 w_m/mm	5
磁轭高度 h_m1/mm	3
导线直径 b/mm	0.25
曲折线圈匝间距 d/mm	1.5
线性线圈相邻导线间距 D₁/mm	0.05
线圈匝数 N	6
永磁体（面外EMAT）-线圈距离 c/mm	0.4
方形永磁体-线圈距离 h_c/mm	0.2
提离距离 h_g/mm	0.2
换能区域厚度 k/mm	0.1
换能区域宽度 m/mm	14
激励-接收距离 d_c/mm	50
水膜厚度 h_f/mm	0.3
水膜宽度 w_f/mm	12
激光线源宽度 e/mm	1.5
激光能量 Q₀/mJ	185
激光脉冲持续时间 t₀/ns	8

参数	数值
拉伸模量 E/GPa	70
泊松比	0.33
密度 ρ/（kg·m ^-3）	2 700
热膨胀系数 α/K ^-1	2.3×10 ^-5
恒压热容 c_p /（J·（kg·K） ^-1）	900
热导率/（W·（m·K） ^-1）	238
电导率 σ/（S·m ^-1）	3.774×10 ⁷

参数	曲折线圈EAMT	线性线圈面内EMAT	线性线圈面外EMAT
RW幅值/（10 ^-4 V）	14.3	8.98	46.1
SL幅值/（10 ^-4 V）	0.51	3.11	3.74
BRSW幅值/（10 ^-4 V）	1.3	3.5	3.6
RW与SL幅值比 K_RL/%	2 804	289	1 233
RW与BRSW幅值比 K_RS/%	1 100	256	1 281

参数	类别	曲折线圈EMAT	线性线圈面内EMAT	线性线圈面外EMAT
RW幅值	无表面约束/（10 ^-4 V）	14.3	8.98	46.1
	有表面约束/（10 ^-4 V）	21.1	13.1	64.9
	变化率/%	47.6	45.9	40.8
K_RL/%	无表面约束	2 804	289	1 233
	有表面约束	3 836	299	1 335
	变化率	36.8	3.5	8.3
K_RS/%	无表面约束	1 100	256	1 281
	有表面约束	2 308	452	2 693
	变化率	109.8	76.6	110.2

类别	无表面约束RW幅值/V	有表面约束RW幅值/V	RW幅值增加比例/%
曲折线圈EAMT	0.265	0.991	274
线性线圈面内EMAT	0.214	0.678	217
线性线圈面外EMAT	1.088	3.324	206

Comparation of reception performance of EMATs in laser ultrasonic surface detection of aluminum alloys

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