激光增材制造过程数值仿真技术综述
郭鑫鑫, 陈哲涵
北京科技大学 机械工程学院, 北京 100083
GUO Xinxin, CHEN Zhehan
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
关键词: 数值仿真, 热源模型, 粉末模型, 力学模型, 微观结构模型, 激光增材制造
Abstract: Numerical simulation is an important means to study various physical phenomena in the process of laser additive manufacturing, reveal the formation mechanism of part defects, and optimize the process parameters. Extensive research has been conducted in the analysis of thermal processes, metal powder particle properties, microstructure, quality defect causes, and many other aspects, and corresponding mathematical models and methods have been proposed. The numerical simulation of laser additive manufacturing process is a complex problem spanning multiple scales in both space and time. The objects and methods used in numerical simulation in micro, meso and macro scales are different. Most existing research focuses on process simulation at a certain scale, and other research usually establishes the coupling relationship among models based on their data relationship to achieve a comprehensive thermal-phase or thermal-mechanical analysis. This paper reviews current main technologies in the field of numerical simulation of laser additive manufacturing. Based on the basic process of numerical simulation, the involved heat source model, powder model, mechanical model and microstructure model are introduced, and their characteristics and applicability discussed. Considering the development of related technical fields, the direction of research on numerical simulation technology of laser additive manufacturing is discussed, hoping to provide reference for the technical development in this field.
Key words: numerical simulation, heat source models, powder models, mechanical models, microstructure models, laser additive manufacturing