基于注意力机制的舰载机着舰试飞安全性评估

秦英航; 谭文倩; 倪博; 卢长谦; 王衍洋

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34194

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34194

基于注意力机制的舰载机着舰试飞安全性评估

秦英航 ,
谭文倩 ,
倪博 ,
卢长谦 ,
王衍洋

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1. 北京航空航天大学
2. 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院飞行力学与飞行安全系
3. 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所

收稿日期: 2026-06-30

修回日期: 2026-09-15

网络出版日期: 2026-09-20

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Safety Estimation for Carrier Aircraft Landing Flight Tests Based on Attention Mechanism

QIN Ying-Hang ,
TAN Wen-Qian ,
NI Bo ,
LU Chang-Qian ,
WANG Yan-Yang

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Received date: 2026-06-30

Revised date: 2026-09-15

Online published: 2026-09-20

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摘要

为评估舰载机在恶劣海况下的着舰作业能力，需开展相应海况下的着舰试飞。考虑到着舰试飞风险较高，每次试飞工况必须谨慎选取，为此提出一种基于注意力机制的舰载机着舰试飞安全性评估方法。选取用以评估着舰试飞安全性的安全准则，通过蒙特卡洛仿真获取着舰过程的准则参数分布，并选取均值和标准差作为其统计特征。随后，基于全工况仿真数据和已试飞工况下试飞数据，采用以注意力机制为核心的神经网络学习仿真和试飞结果在统计特征上的偏差，进而估计目标工况下的着舰试飞结果，结合安全准则得到更可靠的安全性评估结果。在此基础上，基于安全性评估结果，通过示例展示了探索舰载机着舰海况能力边界时逐步确定每组着舰试飞工况的过程，验证了该方法能够基于当前安全工况给出下一组试飞工况的建议值。

关键词： 舰载机着舰; 飞行控制; 安全准则; 着舰试飞; 注意力机制

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秦英航 , 谭文倩 , 倪博 , 卢长谦 , 王衍洋 . 基于注意力机制的舰载机着舰试飞安全性评估[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34194

Abstract

To evaluate the landing capability of carrier-based aircraft under adverse sea conditions, it is necessary to conduct carrier landing flight tests under corresponding sea states. The high risks associated with such flight tests necessitate careful selection of test conditions. To this end, this paper proposes an attention mechanism-based safety assessment method for carrier landing flight tests. First, appropriate safety criteria for landing assessment are selected. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to obtain the distribution of criterion parameters during landing, with the mean and standard deviation taken as their statistical characteristics. Next, combining simulation data from all conditions with actual flight test data from completed conditions allows an attention-based neural network to learn the discrepancies in statistical characteristics between simulation and flight tests, and then to estimate landing outcomes for untested conditions. With the safety criteria, this approach yields a more reliable safety assessment. On this basis, using the safety assessment results, a demonstrative example illustrates the stepwise determination of each set of landing flight test conditions while exploring the capability boundary of sea states for carrier aircraft landing. This verification shows that the proposed method can provide recommended values for the next set of flight test conditions based on current safe operating conditions.

Key words： Carrier-Based Aircraft Landing; Flight Control; Safety Criteria; Carrier Landing Flight Tests; Attention Mechanism

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