薄壁带网格内筋铝合金壳体旋压成型及力学性能研究

李昊霖; 陈洪胜; 柴斐; 梁杰; 王保东; 聂慧慧; 袁珂

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31981

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31981

薄壁带网格内筋铝合金壳体旋压成型及力学性能研究

李昊霖 ,
陈洪胜 ,
柴斐 ,
梁杰 ,
王保东 ,
聂慧慧 ,
袁珂

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1. 太原理工大学
2. 山西众立法兰有限公司

收稿日期: 2025-03-17

修回日期: 2025-06-16

网络出版日期: 2025-06-20

基金资助

山西省专利转化项目;山西省基础研究计划项目;中央领导地方科技发展资金项目;山西省重点研发计划项目;山西省忻州市重点研发计划项目

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Thin-walled aluminum alloy shell with mesh inner ribs spinning forming and mechanical properties study

LI Hao-Lin ,
CHEN Hong-Sheng ,
CHAI Fei ,
LIANG Jie ,
WANG Bao-Dong ,
NIE Hui-Hui ,
YUAN Ke

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Received date: 2025-03-17

Revised date: 2025-06-16

Online published: 2025-06-20

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摘要

薄壁铝合金壳体因其轻量化等特点在航空航天、水下装备等领域具有广泛需求，在壳体内部加装内筋可以提高其整体强度。本文通过设计分瓣式芯模结构，采用强力错距旋压方法制备了带网格内筋的薄壁铝合金壳体。基于Abaqus数值模拟方法结合实验探究了不同旋压温度在网格内筋成型过程中铝合金内部的塑性变形机理，对成筋区域的微纳力学性能和壳体的拉伸强度进行测试，结合微观组织、断口形貌对其强韧化机理进行探究。结果表明：不同旋压温度下，铝合金晶粒形态和取向变化较小，呈{001}取向的带状晶粒表现出明显的择优取向；随着旋压温度的升高，呈典型的立方Cube织构，但织构强度从5.31降至3.92。旋压温度对壳体内、外表面等效应变分布均匀性具有显著影响，壳体的等效应变数值随着旋压温度的升高而降低。此外，随着温度的升高（室温至380℃），细晶强化的作用弱化，使壳体的屈服强度从207.2MPa提升至244.1MPa，伸长率从15.7%提升至21.6%。当温度升高至420℃时，由于硬质相的不均匀分布等因素，壳体的伸长率显著下降，TIR处断裂位置在网格筋根部断裂。

关键词： 旋压成型; 5A06铝合金; 薄壁壳体; 网格筋; 强韧化机理

本文引用格式

李昊霖 , 陈洪胜 , 柴斐 , 梁杰 , 王保东 , 聂慧慧 , 袁珂 . 薄壁带网格内筋铝合金壳体旋压成型及力学性能研究[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31981

Abstract

Thin-walled aluminum alloy shells have extensive demands in aerospace, subsea equipment, and other fields be-cause of their lightweight and other properties. Incorporating inner ribs within the shell can enhance its overall struc-tural strength. In this study, a thin-walled aluminum alloy shell with a meshed inner ribs was fabricated by designing a split mandrel structure and employing a powerful staggered spinning technique. Using the Abaqus numerical simulation method and integrating experimental investigations, this study explored the plastic deformation mecha-nisms within aluminum alloy during the formation of meshed inner ribs at different spinning temperatures. The mi-cro-nano mechanical properties of the reinforced regions and the tensile strength of the shell were characterized, and the strengthening-toughening mechanisms were investigated by correlating microstructural observations with fracture surface morphology analysis The results indicate that the morphology and orientation of aluminum alloy grains undergo minimal changes under different spinning temperatures. The ribbon-shaped grains with the {001} orientation exhibit a pronounced preferred orientation. As the spinning temperature increases, the texture is typical cube texture, yet the texture intensity decreases from 5.31 to 3.92. The spinning temperature exerts a significant influence on the uniformity of the equivalent strain distribution on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. Specifi-cally, the equivalent strain value of the shell diminishes as the spinning temperature rises. Additionally, with the temperature increasing (from room temperature to 380 °C), the strengthening effect of fine grains weakens. Conse-quently, the yield strength of the shell increases from 207.2 MPa to 244.1 MPa, and the elongation increases from 15.7% to 21.6%. However, when the temperature reaches 420 °C, the elongation of the shell decreases substantial-ly due to factors such as the non-uniform distribution of hard phases. The fracture location at theTIR occurs at the root of the meshed rib.

Key words： spinning forming; 5A06 aluminum alloy; thin-walled shell; mesh ribs; Toughening mechanism

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