针对超音速客机在下降阶段的实际运行所面临的噪音污染严重及燃油成本高昂两大突出问题，本文以繁忙且具有代表性的民航枢纽机场—广州白云国际机场做为研究场景，依据现有的PBN进近程序，结合超音速客机飞行性能参数，开展了深入研究。首先，依据超音速客机独特的飞行性能，初步设计一条适用于超音速客机的进近程序。随后，通过选取机场附近噪音敏感点，运用噪音评估模型与油耗计算模型，采用多目标智能优化算法，对现行的PBN进近程序进行针对性的优化调整，使进近程序更适配于超音速客机降落阶段的实际运行，在保障飞行安全的前提下，最大程度降低噪音影响与运行油耗。研究结果显示：超音速客机遵循优化后的进近程序运行，噪音值与油耗值较优化前具有较大改进，噪音值最多降低37.3%，整体运行噪音影响降低了9.2%；油耗值最多降低16.45%，整体运行油耗降低了11.8%。
Aiming at the two prominent problems of serious noise pollution and high fuel cost faced by supersonic airliners in the descent phase, this paper takes Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, a busy and representative civil aviation hub airport, as a research scenario, and carries out an in-depth study based on the existing PBN approach procedures, combined with the performance parameters of the flight of supersonic airliners. First, a preliminary approach procedure for supersonic airliners is designed based on the unique flight performance of supersonic airliners. Subsequently, by selecting noise-sensitive points near the airport, applying the noise assessment model and fuel consumption calculation model, and adopting the multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm, the current PBN approach procedure is optimized and adjusted, so as to make the approach procedure more suitable for the actual operation of supersonic passenger aircraft during the landing phase, and to minimize the noise impact and fuel consumption under the prerequisite of safeguarding flight safety. The results of the study show that when the supersonic airliner follows the optimized approach procedure, the noise value and fuel consumption value are greatly improved compared with those before optimization, the noise value is reduced by 37.3% at most, and the overall operational noise impact is reduced by 9.2%; the fuel consumption value is reduced by 16.45% at most, and the overall operational fuel consumption is reduced by 11.8%.
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