起落架落震试验是关键的起落架动力学试验，但当前普遍仅关注轮胎接地点载荷的研究，对轮轴点载荷的关注非常少，两者之间的差异未得到详细的研究。轮轴点载荷作为直接向上传递给机体的载荷，对于起落架着陆载荷的验证以及飞机机体载荷设计而言都具有更大的价值，有必要开展考虑轮轴载荷测量的落震试验研究。为此，基于某大型民用飞机油气式双轮起落架的研制需求：首先，结合落震试验原理对起落架着陆载荷的特性进行研究，提出了采用在铰点布置三向力传感器进行轮轴点载荷等效测量的方法；其次，开展了垂向和水平加载的前置试验，对轮轴点载荷的测量效果进行了初步验证；最后，进行了不同转速工况的正式落震试验，并从轮轴点与接地点载荷差异的角度，对具体的动态载荷数据和其他动力学特性进行了详细的分析。可以为后续起落架系统设计与试验技术的提升提供参考。

The landing gear drop test is a crucial dynamic test for the landing gear. However, currently, the research general-ly only focuses on the load at the tire ground contact point, with very little attention paid to the load at the wheel axle point. The difference between the two has not been studied in detail. As the load directly transmitted upward to the aircraft body, the load at the wheel axle point is of greater value for the verification of the landing gear landing load on the design of the aircraft body load. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on the drop test considering the measurement of the wheel axle load. To this end, based on the development requirements of the oleo- pneumatic dual-wheel landing gear of a certain large civil aircraft: First, the characteristics of the landing loads are studied in combination with the principle of the drop test, and a method of using three-axis force sen-sors arranged at the hinge points to equivalently measure the load at the wheel axle point is proposed. Second, preliminary tests of vertical and horizontal loading are carried out to preliminarily verify the measurement effect of the load at the wheel axle center. Finally, formal drop tests under different rotational speed conditions are con-ducted, and from the perspective of the load difference between the wheel axle point and the ground contact point, the specific dynamic load data and other dynamic characteristics are analyzed in detail. This can provide a refer-ence for the subsequent improvement of the landing gear system design and test technology.