航空锂电池系统热失控产生的燃爆火焰对机上周围设备、线路和结构的高温热冲击危害极大。本研究构建波纹型阻火单元及其前后5 cm流体域的仿真模型，通过分析热失控过程中温度和压力流通特性可知，阻火单元芯体孔高越大越有利于减少电池燃爆舱内部压力积聚，芯体孔高越小更利于热量吸收和限制热量逸出，厚度越大则对火焰的抑制和控制流体流动效果更显著。搭建锂电池热失控火焰抑制专用测试平台，实验对比不同结构参数阻火单元对锂电池热失控火焰的抑制效果，得出结论：芯体孔高参数侧重干预热量传递以及高能碎片的阻隔效果，0.6 mm、0.9 mm和1.2 mm芯体孔高阻火单元对排出气体温度的抑制效果最高分别可达到86.55%、76.80%和80.93%；厚度对燃爆气体逸散路径与腔内压力平衡调节有重要影响，在芯体孔高分别为0.6 mm、0.9 mm和1.2 mm的情况下，每减少1 mm的厚度，压力参数峰值差分别会相应地增加250 Pa、190 Pa和120 Pa。综合仿真和实验分析，芯体孔高为0.9 mm，厚度为30 mm的阻火单元对锂电池热失控燃爆火焰抑制效果最佳，能将电池燃爆舱环境温度从365.6 ℃降低至156.1 ℃，将阻火单元背火面温度从238.3 ℃降低至108.5 ℃，并避免了阻火单元堵塞或高能碎片逸散。

The thermal runaway and explosion flames generated by the aviation lithium battery (LIB) system pose a significant risk of high-temperature thermal impact to the surrounding equipment, wiring, and structures on the aircraft. This study constructs a simulation model of the corrugated fire retardant unit and its fluid domain 5 cm before and after it. By analyzing the temperature and pressure flow characteristics during the thermal runaway process, it is known that a larger core height of the fire retardant unit is more conducive to reducing the accumulation of internal pressure in the LIB compartment, a smaller core height is more favorable for heat absorption and limiting heat escape, and a greater thickness has a more pronounced effect on flame suppression and control of gas flow. A dedicated testing platform for LIB thermal runaway flame suppression was established to experimentally compare the suppression effects of fire retardant units with different structural parameters on the thermal runaway flames of LIB. The conclusion is drawn that the core height parameter focuses on intervening in heat transfer and the isolation effect of high-energy fragments, with fire retardant units of core heights 0.6 mm, 0.9 mm, and 1.2 mm achieving the highest suppression effects on the exhaust gas temperature of up to 86.55%, 76.80%, and 80.93%, respectively; the thickness significantly affects the escape path of the explosive gases and the balance of the pressure inside the chamber, and for core heights of 0.6 mm, 0.9 mm, and 1.2 mm, each reduction of 1 mm in thickness will correspondingly increase the pressure parameter peak difference by 250 Pa, 190 Pa, and 120 Pa, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of simulation and experiments indicates that the fire retardant unit with a core height of 0.9 mm and a thickness of 30 mm has the best suppression effect on the thermal runaway and explosion flames of LIB, capable of reducing the LIB explosion compartment environmental temperature from 365.6 ℃ to 156.1 ℃, lowering the backside temperature of the fire retardant unit from 238.3 ℃ to 108.5 ℃, and avoiding blockage of the fire retardant unit or the dispersion of high-energy fragments.