空天飞行器是结构-功能高度一体化的新质装备，需实现力、热等承载特性和透波、隐身、射频等电磁特性的融合。首先，分析了空天飞行器的主要特点及现实需求，构建了空天飞行器承载/透波/隐身/射频（Load-bearing, Wave-transparent, Stealth, and Radio-frequency, LWSR）一体的四面体设计体系，阐述了四面体各顶点功能的科学内涵；其次，分析了三类飞行器典型电磁功能结构的最新研究进展，即天线罩结构、隐身蒙皮结构、综合共形天线结构；最后，展望了空天飞行器电磁功能结构的发展趋势，阐述了多物理场耦合、极端环境适应、多功能融合、智能感知响应及控制等关键问题。

Aerospace vehicles represent a new class of equipment with highly integrated structural and electromagnetic characteristics. This integration demands the seamless fusion of load-bearing, high-temperature resistance, and other mechanical properties with advanced electromagnetic functionalities such as wave transparency, stealth, and radio frequency. Such a combination is essential to meet the complex and demanding requirements of modern aerospace applications. First, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the primary features and practical requirements of aerospace vehicles. Through meticulous research and study, a tetrahedral design framework is established that integrates Load-bearing, Wave-transparent, Stealth, and Radio-frequency (LWSR). The scientific impli-cations of the functions at each vertex of the tetrahedron are elaborated in detail, providing a profound understanding of the underly-ing principles and mechanisms. Second, it offers an in-depth review of the latest advancements in three typical types of electromag-netic functional structures for aerospace vehicles: radome structures, stealth skin structures, and integrated conformal antenna struc-tures. These structures play a crucial role in enhancing the performance and capabilities of aerospace vehicles in various aspects. Finally, the future development trends of electromagnetic functional structures for aerospace vehicles are thoroughly discussed. Ad-dressing key challenges such as multi-physical field coupling, adaptation to extreme environments, multifunctional integration, intel-ligent perception and response, and control mechanisms is of paramount importance for the continued progress and success of aero-space vehicle technology.