机场管制空域内无人机运行安全风险评估

杨锦; 杭旭; 王艳军

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31276

航空学报 >

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31276

机场管制空域内无人机运行安全风险评估

杨锦 ,
杭旭 ,
王艳军

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1. 南京航空航天大学
2. 中国民用航空中南地区空中交通管理局

收稿日期: 2024-09-27

修回日期: 2025-02-19

网络出版日期: 2025-02-21

基金资助

先进空中出行背景下人机信任及人机协作策略研究

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Safety risk assessment of UAVs operations in airport controlled airspace

YANG Jin ,
HANG Xu ,
WANG Yan-Jun

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Received date: 2024-09-27

Revised date: 2025-02-19

Online published: 2025-02-21

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摘要

本文面向城市空中交通概念下机场管制空域内无人机与运输航空融合运行场景，提出了一种空域运行安全风险评估方法。首先考虑无人机机动性能与航空器位置误差，提出了一种双层碰撞保护体积模型；之后使用蒙特卡罗模拟方法来模拟航空器误差计算碰撞概率；进一步提出了一种适用于无人机航线与起降航线碰撞风险评估的改进Reich模型。基于改进Reich模型，以国内某枢纽机场为例，对机场周围的无人机航线进行了风险评估，结果表明，该机场33跑道降落航线与无人机运行航线的碰撞风险不满足目标安全水平（TLS）要求。研究发现，降低无人机航线高度与飞行速度可以减小碰撞风险，而改变无人机航线流量不会影响碰撞风险。

关键词： 低空经济; 城市空中交通; 融合运行; 空域风险评估; 碰撞风险评估; 改进Reich模型

本文引用格式

杨锦 , 杭旭 , 王艳军 . 机场管制空域内无人机运行安全风险评估[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31276

Abstract

Aiming at the scenario of the integrated operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and transport aviation in the airport controlled airspace under the concept of urban air mobility, this paper proposes an airspace operation safety risk assessment method. Firstly, considering the maneuverability of UAVs and the position error of aircraft, a double-layer collision protection volume model is proposed; then, the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to simulate the aircraft error and calculate the collision probability; further, an improved Reich model suitable for the collision risk assessment of UAV routes and take-off and landing routes is proposed. Based on the improved Reich model, a risk assessment of UAV routes around a domestic hub airport is carried out, and the results show that the collision risk between the landing route of runway 33 of the airport and the UAV operation route does not meet the Target of Safety Level (TLS) requirements. The study found that reducing the altitude and flight speed of the UAV route can reduce the collision risk, while changing the UAV route flow will not affect the collision risk.

Key words： Low altitude economy; Urban air mobility; Integrated operation; Airspace safety assessment; Collision risk assessment; Improved Reich model

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