在电池包或电池舱等密闭空间内，航空锂电池热失控产生的喷射冲击对结构的破坏效应危害极大。本文采用冲击高温、冲击力和冲量为评估参数，自主搭建的喷射冲击实验平台，通过实测数据量化研究电池包体或电池舱体结构在实际使用场景下的受损程度，并分析电池荷电状态、电池与结构间冲击距离、舱体厚度对电池热失控喷射冲击危害的影响。实验表明：100%SOC电池发生热失控时，1.0mm和1.2mm厚度实验板受冲击后发生不同程度的穿孔，最大穿孔面积可达136.488mm2，1.5mm厚度实验舱体均未发生穿孔实现有效包容。随着冲击距离从1cm增加至3cm，实验板背板峰值温度显著降低，单位距离平均降低率为47.5℃/cm；而最大冲击力随之增加，平均单位距离增长率为142.95 N/cm。综上，为控制板材厚度以满足轻量化设计，可综合分析热失控喷射温度和冲击力危害，合理选择电池与壳体或舱体上壁板间隙距离以达到电池包体或舱体对热失控高温喷射冲击的包容。

In enclosed spaces such as battery packs or battery compartments, the jet impact generated by thermal runaway of aviation lithi-um batteries can cause significant damage to structures. This article uses impact high temperature, impact force, and impulse as evaluation parameters, and independently builds a jet impact experimental platform to quantitatively study the damage degree of battery pack or battery compartment structure in actual use scenarios through measured data, and analyze the impact of battery state of charge, impact distance between battery and structure, and compartment thickness on the impact hazard of battery ther-mal runaway jet impact. The experiment showed that when the 100% SOC battery had thermal runaway, the 1.0mm and 1.2mm thickness experimental plates were perforated to varying degrees after being impacted, with the maximum perforation area reaching 136.488mm2. The 1.5mm thickness experimental cabin did not perforate and achieved effective containment. As the impact distance increases from 1 cm to 3 cm, the peak temperature of the experimental plate back plate decreases significantly, with an average decrease rate of 47.5 ℃/cm per unit distance; The maximum impact force increases accordingly, with an aver-age unit distance growth rate of 142.95 N/cm. In summary, in order to control the thickness of the plate to meet the lightweight design, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the thermal runaway spray temperature and impact hazard, and reasonably select the gap distance between the battery and the shell or the upper wall panel of the cabin to achieve the containment of the thermal runaway high-temperature spray impact by the battery pack or cabin.