飞翼布局主动流动控制风洞虚拟飞行试验
收稿日期: 2024-05-06
修回日期: 2024-05-13
录用日期: 2024-06-04
网络出版日期: 2024-06-25
Wind tunnel virtual flight test of flying wing configuration with active flow control
Received date: 2024-05-06
Revised date: 2024-05-13
Accepted date: 2024-06-04
Online published: 2024-06-25
飞翼布局飞行器追求良好的气动性能、隐身性能。但传统机械舵面会破坏隐身外形,并且在中等攻角即出现舵效降低,易导致飞机失稳、失控,而主动流动控制技术能够有效解决上述弊端。构建了集成闭环反馈主动流动控制的风洞虚拟飞行试验系统,可在风洞环境中实现定常来流、非定常来流下受控模型飞行姿态模拟与主动调控。利用该系统,开展了飞翼布局主动流动控制风洞虚拟飞行试验,获得了定常来流条件下主动流动控制技术对飞翼布局三轴姿态控制规律。试验结果表明,基于后缘俯仰、滚转环量控制与翼尖反向射流能够分别产生规律可控的俯仰、滚转、偏航姿态控制力矩,实现飞翼布局三轴姿态的稳定控制。特别的,采用俯仰环量控制对模型纵向姿态控制时,产生的俯仰力矩与射流动量系数线性相关。提出了基于模型纵向姿态反馈的阵风载荷减缓闭环控制策略,验证了在阵风扰动下主动流动控制技术对飞翼布局的纵向增稳控制能力,进一步得出施加控制的射流强度、控制信号与阵风扰动的相位关系共同决定了增稳控制效果。
侯雁翔 , 冯立好 . 飞翼布局主动流动控制风洞虚拟飞行试验[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(24) : 630636 -630636 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30636
Flying wing configuration aircraft pursues excellent aerodynamic and stealth performance. However, traditional mechanical control surfaces can compromise its stealth profile and may lead to a decrease in control effectiveness at moderate angles of attack, potentially causing aircraft instability and loss of control. Active Flow Control (AFC) techniques effectively address the aforementioned drawbacks. In this study, a wind tunnel virtual flight test system, integrated with closed-loop active flow control, is constructed. The system is capable of simulating active flight attitude control of controlled model under both steady and unsteady incoming flow conditions. Utilizing this system, wind tunnel virtual flight tests of the flying wing configuration model with AFC are conducted, obtaining its three-axis attitude control characteristics under steady flow conditions. Results demonstrate that consistent and controlled pitch and roll moments can be generated through trailing edge circulation control, while required yaw moment can be generated through wingtip reverse jets, achieving stable three-axis attitude control of the flying wing aircraft. Particularly, when controlling longitudinal attitude of the model with pitch circulation control, the generated pitch moment is linearly correlated with jet momentum coefficient. Furthermore, a closed-loop control strategy for gust load alleviation based on model longitudinal attitude feedback is proposed. The stability enhancement ability of AFC for flying wing configuration model under gust disturbance is validated. Additionally, it is further discovered that the effectiveness of the stability enhancement control is jointly determined by the intensity of the jet applied for control and the phase relationship between the control signal and the gust disturbance.
1 | ROYSDON P. Blended wing body lateral-directional stability investigation using 6DOF simulation[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2014, 228(1): 7-19. |
2 | 邓雄, 赵志杰, 王秋旺, 等. 基于前缘合成双射流的飞翼布局纵向气动控制特性研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(5): 79-90. |
DENG X, ZHAO Z J, WANG Q W, et al. Research on longitudinal aerodynamic control characteristics of flying wing based on leading-edge dual synthetic jets[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2022, 40(5): 79-90 (in Chinese) | |
3 | ZHANG P F, YAN B, LIU A B, et al. Numerical simulation on plasma circulation control airfoil[J]. AIAA Journal, 2010, 48(10): 2213-2226. |
4 | HOHOLIS G, STEIJL R, BADCOCK K. Circulation control as a roll effector for unmanned combat aerial vehicles[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2016, 53(6): 1875-1889. |
5 | SONG M, PARK S, LEE Y. Application of backstep coanda flap for supersonic coflowing fluidic thrust-vector control[J]. AIAA Journal, 2014, 52(10): 2355-2359. |
6 | WU K X, KIM H D, JIN Y Z. Fluidic thrust vector control based on counter-flow concept[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2019, 233(4): 1412-1422. |
7 | MARUYAMA Y, SAKATA M, TAKAHASHI Y. Performance analyses of fluidic thrust vector control system using dual throat nozzle[J]. AIAA Journal, 2021, 60(3): 1730-1744. |
8 | YOU D, MOIN P. Active control of flow separation over an airfoil using synthetic jets[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2008, 24(8): 1349-1357. |
9 | GREENBLATT D, SCHNEIDER T, SCHüLE C Y. Mechanism of flow separation control using plasma actuation[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2012, 24(7): 077102. |
10 | LIN J C, MELTON L P, HANNON J A, et al. Testing of high-lift common research model with integrated active flow control[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2020, 57(6): 1121-1133. |
11 | JONES G, VIKEN S, WASHBURN A, et al. An active flow circulation controlled flap concept for general aviation aircraft applications[C]∥ 1st Flow Control Conference. Reston: AIAA, 2002: 3157. |
12 | WARSOP C, CROWTHER W J. Fluidic flow control effectors for flight control[J]. AIAA Journal, 2018, 56(10): 3808-3824. |
13 | FIELDING J, LAWSON C, MARTINS-PIRES R, et al. Design, build and flight of the DEMON demonstrator UAV[C]∥ 11th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conference. Reston: AIAA, 2011: 6963. |
14 | WARSOP C, CROWTHER W. NATO AVT-239 task group: flight demonstration of fluidic flight controls on the MAGMA subscale demonstrator aircraft[C]∥ AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum. Reston: AIAA, 2019: 0282. |
15 | SHEARWOOD T R, NABAWY M R, CROWTHER W J, et al. Three-axis control of tailless aircraft using fluidic actuators: MAGMA case study[C]∥ AIAA AVIATION 2021 FORUM. Reston: AIAA, 2021: 2530. |
16 | CHEN K, SHI Z W, ZHU J C, et al. Roll aerodynamic characteristics study of an unmanned aerial vehicle based on circulation control technology[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2019, 233(3): 871-882. |
17 | SHI Z W, ZHU J C, DAI X X, et al. Aerodynamic characteristics and flight testing of a UAV without control surfaces based on circulation control[J]. Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2019, 32(1): 04018134. |
18 | 孙全兵, 史志伟, 耿玺, 等. 基于主动流动控制技术的无舵面飞翼布局飞行器姿态控制[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(12): 124080. |
SUN Q B, SHI Z W, GENG X, et al. Attitude control of flying wing aircraft without control surfaces based on active flow control[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, 41(12): 124080 (in Chinese). | |
19 | LUO Z B, ZHAO Z J, LIU J F, et al. Novel roll effector based on zero-mass-flux dual synthetic jets and its flight test[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2022, 35(8): 1-6. |
20 | 邵帅, 郭正, 贾高伟, 等. 中等展弦比飞翼布局无人机后缘射流滚转控制[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(10): 127437. |
SHAO S. GUO Z, JIA G W,et al. Roll control of medium-aspect-ratio flying-wing UCAV based on trailing-edge jet[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023,44(10): 127437 (in Chinese). | |
21 | 张刘, 黄勇, 陈辅政, 等. 基于环量控制的无尾飞翼俯仰和滚转两轴无舵面姿态控制飞行试验[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(18): 128224. |
ZHANG L, HUANG Y, CHEN F Z, et al. Rudderless attitude control flight test based on circulation control of tailless flying wing in pitch and roll axes[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(18): 128224 (in Chinese). | |
22 | THOMAS MANNING E, RATLIFF C, MARQUART E. Bridging the gap between ground and flight tests - Virtual flight testing (VFT)[C]∥ Aircraft Engineering, Technology, and Operations Congress. Reston: AIAA, 1995: 3875. |
23 | IGNATYEV D I, SIDORYUK M E, KOLINKO K A, et al. Dynamic rig for validation of control algorithms at high angles of attack[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2017, 54(5): 1760-1771. |
24 | GONG Z, ARAUJO-ESTRADA S, LOWENBERG M H, et al. Experimental investigation of aerodynamic hysteresis using a five-degree-of-freedom wind-tunnel maneuver rig[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2019, 56(3): 1029-1039. |
25 | 郭林亮, 祝明红, 傅澔, 等. 水平风洞中开展飞机尾旋特性研究的理论分析[J]. 航空学报, 2018, 39(6): 122030. |
GUO L L, ZHU M H, FU H, et al. Theoretical analysis of research on aircraft spin characteristic in horizontal wind tunnel[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2018, 39(6): 122030 (in Chinese). | |
26 | 朱正龙, 郭林亮, 祝明红, 等. 结冰条件下大型民机操稳特性研究与风洞虚拟飞行验证[C]∥ 中国力学大会论文集(CCTAM 2019). 北京: 中国力学学会, 2019: 11. |
ZHU Z L, GUO L L, ZHU M H, et al. Study on Stability Characteristics of Large civil aircraft under icing conditions and virtual flight verification in wind tunnel[C]∥CCTAM 2019. Beijing: The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2019: 11 (in Chinese). | |
27 | 尚祖铭, 吴佳莉, 牛中国, 等. 带等离子控制的飞翼布局飞机模型的风洞虚拟飞行试验[J]. 航空科学技术, 2019, 30(9): 40-46. |
SHANG Z M, WU J L, NIU Z G, et al. The wind tunnel virtual flight test of flying wing configuration aircraft model with the plasma actuation[J]. Aeronautical Science & Technology, 2019, 30(9): 40-46 (in Chinese). | |
28 | ZHANG L, HUANG Y, ZHU Z L, et al. Virtual flight test of pitch and roll attitude control based on circulation control of tailless flying wing aircraft without rudders[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2023, 36(6): 52-62. |
/
〈 |
|
〉 |