氢能源飞机是航空业实现绿色能源转型的重要途径，全球多个国家正在积极进行氢能源商用飞机的研究与试验。氢燃料电池支线飞机是当下最热门的发展方向之一，以道尼尔228和冲8-Q300为平台的氢能改装飞机已率先完成首飞，有望在2027年前投入商用。目前我国的氢能源飞机研究大多停留在技术探索阶段，针对支线及以上级别氢能源飞机的整体方案设计和可行性论证较少，难以有效支撑氢能航空发展。本文提出了一种基于现有涡桨支线飞机平台的氢燃料电池动力改装设计方案，并通过仿真方法分析了改装后的飞机性能水平，估算了氢能源飞机的使用成本和碳排放强度。根据本文的研究，氢燃料电池改装支线飞机将采用液氢燃料罐和氢锂混合供电，双发涡桨发动机替换为同等功率水平的电动机。采用主动式储氢方案的氢能源飞机载客量降低26.7%，最大航程降低43.3%，飞行效率提升5.1%，碳排放减少87.5%，运营成本增加46.9%。若采用被动式储氢方案，飞机载客量和最大航程仅降低了13.3%和31.9%，飞行效率则提升了15.9%。本文认为，尽管氢能源飞机目前的性能水平落后于常规动力飞机，但随着氢能技术和可持续航空产业的不断发展，尤其是储氢系统质量比达到55%之后，氢能源飞机有望在效率、航程、载荷等方面超越常规动力飞机。氢燃料电池在支线飞机上的率先应用将迈出可持续航空发展的重要一步。

Hydrogen aircraft is an important development direction of the aviation industry to achieve green energy transformation. Airbus, Universal Hydrogen and other institutions are conducting research of hydrogen aircraft. Hydrogen fuel cell regional aircraft is one of the hottest development directions at the moment. Hydrogen-powered Dash-8 and Dornier-228 have completed their first flight and are expected to be put into commercial use by 2027. But now, the research of hydrogen regional aircraft in China mostly stays in technical exploration, and there are few studies on the overall design scheme of full-size regional aircraft platform. In this paper, a hydrogen fuel cell power retrofit design based on the turboprop regional aircraft platform is proposed, and the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell aircraft is analyzed by simulation method. According to the research in this paper, hydrogen fuel cell modified regional aircraft will use a hybrid energy system of liquid hydrogen fuel and lithium battery, powered by electric motors. Compared to jet fuel, the passenger capacity of the hydrogen aircraft using active hydrogen storage system will be reduced by 26.7%, the maximum range will be reduced by 43.3%, the flight efficiency will be increased by 5.1%, the carbon emission will be reduced by 87.5%, and the operating cost will be increased by 46.9%. And the passenger capacity of the aircraft using passive hydrogen storage system will be reduced by 13.3%, the maximum range will be reduced by 31.9%, the flight efficiency will be increased by 15.9%. When the hydrogen mass ratio exceeds 55%, the performance of hydrogen aircraft will surpass that of jet aircraft. According to the analysis results of this paper, although the current performance level of hydrogen aircraft lags behind jet aircraft, it still has full development potential, and the first application of hydrogen fuel cells in regional aircraft will take an important step in the development of sustainable aviation.