面向火箭、导弹、卫星等多类航天器安全可靠自主运行的迫切需求，对航天器的可重构性与自主重构方法展开了深入研究，旨在提升航天器在故障下的系统重构能力。首先，考虑气动力矩、地磁力矩、重力梯度力矩、过程噪声等各类实际干扰因素影响，提出了一种受扰系统的可重构性评价方法，实现了重构能力的判定和量化。然后，提出了一种主被动结合的自主重构方法框架，平衡了重构方案的实施效果和实现难度；在设计具体的重构算法时，提出了一种正常模式与故障模式一体化设计方法，权衡了系统的标称性能和重构能力，降低了重构方案的过保守性。最后，通过一个仿真实例验证了所提出的方法的有效性。

In response to the urgent need for safe and reliable autonomous operation of multiple types of spacecraft， such as rockets， missiles， and satellites， in-depth research has been conducted on the reconfigurability and autonomous reconfiguration methods of spacecraft， aiming to improve the system reconfiguration capability of spacecraft under faults. Firstly， considering various practical disturbance factors such as aerodynamic torque， geomagnetic torque， gravity gradient torque， and process noise， a reconfigurability evaluation method for disturbed systems is proposed， which realizes the determination and quantification of reconfiguration capability. Then， a passive/active combined autonomous reconfiguration method is proposed， which balances the implementation effectiveness and difficulty of the reconfiguration scheme. When designing specific reconfiguration algorithms， an integrated design method of normal and fault modes is proposed， which balances the nominal performance and reconfigurability of the system and reduces the over-conservativeness of the reconfiguration scheme. Finally， the effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified through a simulation example.