以1台低速大尺寸轴流对转压气机为研究对象，利用布置在前/后转子叶顶的高频动态压力传感器阵列捕捉到其在不同转速配置和不同畸变条件下的失速初始扰动特征。通过分析在失速工况下采集到的压力波，得到的结果表明：当压气机来流均匀时，设计转速下的失速扰动类型为旋转失速，且传播方向与后转子旋转方向一致；当转速比为1.40时，成熟发展的失速扰动固定在周向某一位置，不沿周向旋转；随着前/后转子转速差进一步增大，转速比为1.52时的失速扰动类型又转变为旋转失速，但由于后转子对前转子尾迹的抽吸作用减弱，失速扰动传播方向与前转子转向一致。当改变压气机来流条件为周向进气畸变时，不同转速比下的失速扰动特征与均匀进气一致，但畸变会引起不同周向位置的失速前压力序列产生不同幅度的波动，利用联合经验模态分解-局部均值分解（EMD-LMD）方法捕捉到了随时间能量逐渐增强的失速前小扰动。

A high frequency dynamic pressure sensor array arranged at the tip of the front and rear rotors is utilized to capture the stall initial disturbance characteristics of a low-speed axial contra-rotating compressor with different speed configurations and distortion conditions. The results obtained by analyzing the pressure waves collected at stall conditions show that the stall type at the design speed is rotating stall when the inlet flow is uniform， and the stall propagation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the rear rotor. The maturely developed stall is fixed at a circumferential position and does not rotate circumferentially when the speed ratio is 1.40. With further increase of speed difference in the front and rear rotors， the type of stall disturbance changes again to rotating stall at the speed ratio of 1.52， and the stall disturbance propagates in the same direction as the front rotor rotation due to the reduced suction effect of the rear rotor on the front rotor wake. The stall disturbance characteristics at different speed ratios are all consistent with a uniform inlet when the compressor incoming flow is changed to be circumferential inlet distortion. However， the distortion will cause different amplitude fluctuations in the pre-stall pressure sequence at different circumferential positions. The Empirical Mode Decomposition-Local Mean Decomposition （EMD-LMD） method is employed to capture the small pre-stall perturbations that gradually accumulate energy over time.