纤维增强聚合物复合材料无损检测方法进展
收稿日期: 2023-09-04
修回日期: 2023-09-22
录用日期: 2023-12-19
网络出版日期: 2023-12-26
Review of nondestructive testing methods for fiber⁃reinforced polymer composites
Received date: 2023-09-04
Revised date: 2023-09-22
Accepted date: 2023-12-19
Online published: 2023-12-26
近年来，纤维增强聚合物（FRP）复合材料凭借其卓越的力学性能和显著的重量优势，应用范围日益广泛。然而由于其复杂的损伤模式，需使用先进的损伤表征方法防止潜在的灾难性后果。目前，各种无损检测与评价（NDT&E）技术已被广泛应用于FRP复合材料的损伤检测，这些技术经过不断的发展和改进已能提供可靠的结构检测，尤其是在航空航天领域。本文首先对FRP复合材料损伤诊断领域无损检测技术的最新进展进行全面概述，分别对声发射测试、超声波测试、红外成像测试、激光错位散斑干涉测试、数字图像相关测试、涡流检测、太赫兹成像检测、微波检测、电学层析成像检测和X射线10种无损检测技术进行深入分析和评价，并探讨每种技术的优点和局限性。随后根据特定的准则，采用层次分析法对无损检测技术进行分析。然而由于单一无损检测技术难以实现缺陷识别、定位、分类和评估等功能的统一，因此最后提出了一种组合无损检测的技术方案，以期在实际工程应用中取得更好的效果。
关键词： 纤维增强聚合物复合材料; 损伤检测; 无损探测; 层次分析法（AHP）; 组合无损探测技术
黄领才 . 纤维增强聚合物复合材料无损检测方法进展[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(5) : 529697 -529697 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29697
In recent years， Fiber-Reinforced Polymer （FRP） composites have seen a significant increase in their application scope due to their exceptional mechanical properties and remarkable weight advantages. However， due to their intricate damage modes， it is crucial to employ advanced damage characterization methods to mitigate potential catastrophic consequences. Currently， a wide range of Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation （NDT&E） techniques have been extensively employed in the damage detection of FRP composite. These techniques have undergone continuous development and enhancement， enabling reliable structural examination， particularly in the aerospace industry. This article will initially provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in non-destructive testing techniques within the FRP composite material damage diagnosis， providing intensive analysis and evaluation of ten NDT technologies， namely acoustic emission test， ultrasonic test， Infrared thermography test， shearography test， digital image correlation test， eddy current test， terahertz imaging test， microwave test， electrical tomography imaging test and X-ray test， assessing the advantages and limitations of each technique. Subsequently， based on specific criteria， these non-destructive testing techniques will be assessed. However， as single non-destructive testing techniques struggle to achieve unified functions such as defect identification， localization， classification， and evaluation， a combination of non-destructive testing is proposed as a solution to achieve enhanced outcomes in practical engineering applications.
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