航空发动机数字孪生驱动的高精度摩擦电轴承传感器
收稿日期: 2023-09-01
修回日期: 2023-09-20
录用日期: 2023-11-27
网络出版日期: 2023-12-18
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(12272199)
High precision triboelectric bearing sensor driven by digital twin of aero engine
Received date: 2023-09-01
Revised date: 2023-09-20
Accepted date: 2023-11-27
Online published: 2023-12-18
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(12272199)
航空发动机轴承打滑损伤问题和保持架运行稳定性是制约自主航空发动机装备可靠服役的瓶颈问题。为实现航空发动机数字孪生体多物理参数采集，开发了一种基于摩擦电的高精度轴承保持架传感器。针对航空发动机轴承整体式保持架，利用固定在保持架侧表面上的含阵列式凸起的介电环和安装在轴承座上的叉指电极板构成非接触式独立自由层摩擦发电机。在滚道驱动滚动体，滚动体驱动保持架的作用下，介电环扫掠电极输出交流电信号。电信号的频率特征可作为评估轴承打滑与保持架转动稳定性的指标。研究了轴向载荷、内圈转速等工况对轴承打滑的影响，以及介电环材料、发电机内部间隙等结构参数对保持架传感器输出的影响。试验结果表明，在高转速工况下，轴向载荷增大，轴承打滑率降低的幅度更大。聚四氟乙烯材料的介电环输出性能较其他高分子材料提高了50%以上。并且，所提出的轴承保持架传感器应用在了双转子航空发动机试验台主轴承上，实现了高转速（5 900 r/min）下的打滑监测。该研究为滚动轴承智能化设计提供了技术参考，从智能零部件孪生单体虚实互动有望推广到航空发动机整体部件孪生形态；并论述了该研究对未来航发数字孪生技术的启发。
高帅 , 韩勤锴 , 褚福磊 . 航空发动机数字孪生驱动的高精度摩擦电轴承传感器[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(21) : 629516 -629516 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29516
The problems of the skidding damage in aeroengine bearings and the stability in retaining cageoperation are bottlenecks that restrict the reliable service of domestic aircraft equipment. To achieve the acquisition of multiple physical parameters for the digital twin of aviation， a high-precision bearing cage sensor based on triboelectric nanogenerator has been developed to monitor the skidding and the stability of cage rotation of aero engine bearing. Based on the integral cage， a non-contact floating freestanding modetriboelectric nanogenerator is composed of a dielectric ring with array protrusions fixed on the side surface of the retainer and a interdigital electrode plate installed on the bearing house. As the raceway driving the rolling element and the rolling element driving the cage， the dielectric ring sweeps the electrode to output an alternating current. The frequency characteristics of electrical signals can be used as indicators to evaluate bearing skidding and cage rotation stability. The effect of axial load， inner ring speed and other working conditions on bearing skidding， as well as the effect of structural parameters such as dielectric ring material and internal clearance of the generator on the output of the cage sensor has been investigated. The experimental results indicate that the increase in axial load leads to a significant decrease in bearing skidding rate under high speed conditions. The dielectric ring output performance of polytetrafluoroethylene material has been improved by more than 50% compared to other polymer materials. Moreover， the proposed bearing cage sensor was applied to the main bearing of a dual rotor aero engine test bench， achieving the skidding monitoring at high speeds （5 900 r/min）. This study provides a technical reference for the intelligent design of rolling bearings， which is expected to be extended from the virtual real interaction of intelligent component twin monomers to the twin form of overall components in aviation engines. And the optimization ideas of this research field in future aero engine digital twin technology has been discussed.
Key words： triboelectric nanogenerator; aero engine bearing; skidding; digital twin; cage
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