航空用高速连接器信号反射抑制与优化设计
收稿日期: 2023-04-26
修回日期: 2023-06-06
录用日期: 2023-06-14
网络出版日期: 2023-06-21
Signal reflection suppression and optimized design of high⁃speed connectors for aerospace applications
Received date: 2023-04-26
Revised date: 2023-06-06
Accepted date: 2023-06-14
Online published: 2023-06-21
优化高速连接器的电气-机械结构,抑制信号在其内部传输时的反射现象,对提升高速连接器的传输性能及高速互联系统的稳定性至关重要。分析了高速连接器信号反射问题的根本来源及影响因素,结合优化量的仿真结果,提出了一种在工程中改善高速连接器信号反射问题的优化设计方法。首先,推导出信号反射问题在频域和时域的表征参数。其次,利用HFSS仿真分析各优化量的参数变化对信号反射现象的影响规律。最后,根据仿真结果,以最优化信号反射的表征参数为目标,确定高速连接器的系统优化方案,并通过测试实验来验证其有效性。设计结果表明:接触件插针在线径变化处的线径差异增大时,信号反射加剧;增大端接线缆线径,选用介电常数更小的插座端绝缘体材料,则能够有效抑制信号反射。优化结果表明:采用所提出的优化设计方法后,高速连接器差分阻抗的最大值减小到110 Ω以下,最小值增大2.72%以上,波动范围减小31.7%~41.8%;回波损耗在不同频率范围内的最大值均有所减小,整体数值改善约9.8%~12.3%,信号反射问题得到显著改善。
骆燕燕 , 杨硕 , 潘晓松 , 赵绪怀 , 张莉 . 航空用高速连接器信号反射抑制与优化设计[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(7) : 328937 -328937 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28937
Optimizing the electrical-mechanical structure of high-speed connector to suppress the reflection of signals during its internal transmission is essential to improve the transmission performance of high-speed connectors and the stability of high-speed interconnection systems. The fundamental sources and influencing factors of the signal reflection of high-speed connectors are analyzed, and an optimal design method for improving signal reflection of high-speed connectors in engineering is proposed based on simulation results of optimized quantities. Firstly, the characterization parameters of the signal reflection problem in the frequency and time domains are derived. Then, HFSS simulation is conducted to analyze the influence law of change of each optimized parameter on signal reflection. Finally, based on the simulation results, the system optimization scheme of the high-speed connector is determined with the objective of optimizing the characterization parameters of signal reflection, and its effectiveness is verified by test experiments. The design results show that signal reflection is aggravated when there is a large difference in wire diameter at the line diameter change of the con-tact pins, and signal reflection can be effectively suppressed by increasing the diameter of the terminated cable and choosing the insulator materials with smaller dielectric constants for socket ends. The optimization result shows that after adopting the proposed optimization design method, the maximum value of differential impedance of high-speed connectors is reduced to less than 110 Ω, the minimum value is increased by more than 2.72%, and the fluctuation range is reduced by 31.7%-41.8%. The maximum value of return loss in different frequency range is reduced, with the overall value reduction of about 9.8%-12.3%. The problem of signal reflection is shown to be significantly improved.
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