坠撞环境下乘员伤害分析及飞机适坠性评估
收稿日期: 2023-03-31
修回日期: 2023-04-28
录用日期: 2023-06-06
网络出版日期: 2023-06-09
基金资助
天津市应用基础研究多元投入基金(21JCYBJC00690)
Occupant injury analysis and aircraft crashworthiness evaluation under crash scenarios
Received date: 2023-03-31
Revised date: 2023-04-28
Accepted date: 2023-06-06
Online published: 2023-06-09
Supported by
Tianjin Application Foundation Multi-investment Fund(21JCYBJC00690)
为了分析坠撞环境下的机身框段和客舱乘员的动态响应以及乘员伤害情况，开展了大型飞机典型机身框段（含2套三联座椅及4名乘员假人）在6.02 m/s速度下的垂向坠撞试验，获得了机身框段结构坠撞及乘员坠撞响应数据，进行了机身框段结构坠撞破坏及乘员伤害分析，并通过可生存空间、系留强度、乘员损伤、应急撤离4个方面对飞机适坠性进行评估。坠撞试验结果表明，客舱地板下部结构发生较大变形与破坏，在货舱地板下部结构中间支撑件区域和两侧客舱地板支撑立柱与机身框连接处产生3处塑性铰；客舱区域基本保持完整，可生存空间得到保持；座椅与客舱地板导轨的连接保持完好，且乘员安全带保持在原位；乘员假人头部伤害判据最大值为31.47，腰椎压缩载荷最大峰值为3 997.2 N；乘员假人向过道倾斜，过道仍保持通畅。通过飞机适坠性评估，在6.02 m/s的垂向坠撞速度下，乘员伤害风险较小。
牟浩蕾 , 谢威威 , 解江 , 冯振宇 , 林岚辉 . 坠撞环境下乘员伤害分析及飞机适坠性评估[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(3) : 228786 -228786 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28786
To analyze the dynamic response of fuselage section and occupant injury under crash scenarios， the vertical drop test of typical fuselage section of large aircraft （including two sets of triple seats and four dummies） at 6.02 m/s was conducted. The crash response data of fuselage section and occupants were obtained， and the crash damage of fuselage section and occupant injury were analyzed， and the evaluation of aircraft crashworthiness was conducted through considering survivable volume， retention strength， occupant injury and emergency evacuation. The drop test results show that the sub-cabin floor structures suffer the serious deformation and damage， and three plastic hinges are generated in the sub-cargo middle supporting columns area and the connection areas between the both sides cabin supporting columns and fuselage frames. The cabin area is remained basically intact， and the survivable volume is maintained. The connections between the seats and the cabin floor guide rail are maintained in good condition， and the occupant seat belts are kept in place. The maximum value of head injury criterion is 31.47， and the maximum compressive load of occupant lumbar spine is 3 997.2 N. The dummies lean towards the aisle， and the occupant egress paths are maintained. The risk of occupant injury is relatively low at the vertical velocity of 6.02 m/s through conducting the aircraft crashworthiness evaluation.
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