高超声速飞行器热防护材料和结构在地面考核试验中高温变形的准确测量一直是困扰相关工程技术人员的测试技术难题之一。建立了基于单个普通相机/紫外相机和组合式平面反射镜相结合的单相机高温三维数字图像相关（3D-DIC）测量系统，该系统采用高亮度单色光照明（蓝光/紫外照明）和带通滤波成像（蓝色/紫外滤波片）相结合的主动光学成像技术克服高温测量过程中的热辐射干扰问题。首先，采用面内和离面平移实验验证了"主动成像"单相机3D-DIC系统的位移测量精度。然后，利用建立的蓝光单相机3D-DIC系统测量了不锈钢和氧化铝陶瓷试验件不同温度下非直接受热面（后表面）的全场变形，实验测得的材料热膨胀系数与航空材料手册参考值一致。最后，利用建立的紫外单相机3D-DIC系统测量了不锈钢材料直接受热面（前表面）的全场变形，测得材料热膨胀系数同样与参考值接近。
Accurately characterizing the mechanical performance of the thermal protection materials and structures of hypersonic flight vehicle in extreme high-temperature environments has always been a challenging issue in ground assessment tests which confuses the related engineering technicians. This paper establishes a single-camera 3D-DIC measuring system based on a single normal camera/UV camera and a four-mirror adapter. To overcome the intensified heat radiation problem during high temperature measurement, active optical imaging device including high-brightness monochrome illumination light (blue/ultraviolet light) and band-pass filtering imaging is integrated with the system. First, the in-plane and out-of-plane translation experiments verify the measurement accuracy of the active-imaging single-camera 3D-DIC system. Subsequently, the thermal deformation on the in-directly heating surface (back surface) of the stainless steel and alumina ceramic specimens was measured by the established blue-light single-camera 3D-DIC system, and the determined coefficients of thermal expansion are close to the reference values in aeronautical material handbook. Finally, the thermal deformation on the directly heating surface (front surface) of the stainless steel specimen was measured using the established UV-light single-camera 3D-DIC system, and the measured coefficient of coefficients was also close to the reference value.
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