基于相似构型决策的舰载机驾驶员建模与评估
收稿日期: 2021-09-06
修回日期: 2021-10-06
录用日期: 2021-10-25
网络出版日期: 2021-11-10
基金资助
航空科学基金(20185702003)
Modeling and evaluation of carrier aircraft pilots based on similar configuration decisions
Received date: 2021-09-06
Revised date: 2021-10-06
Accepted date: 2021-10-25
Online published: 2021-11-10
Supported by
Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20185702003)
舰船运动和舰尾流等复杂海况是影响舰载机着舰难易度和精确度的重要因素,建立驾驶员着舰控制行为模型并构建人机闭环系统是评估复杂海况对驾驶员操纵负荷影响的有效手段。此外,新一代舰载机存在多种构型配置,并且即便是同一飞机其每次开始着舰时也可能处于不同的质量和气动构型下,因此在驾驶员建模中有必要考虑飞机构型变化。针对舰载机着舰操纵负荷评估问题,基于飞行试验手段和频域计算方法,建立了纵向俯仰跟踪的Hess结构驾驶员模型。考虑飞机着舰构型的变化,基于CAP准则和控制扩展方法,构建了舰载机典型构型库,并应用驾驶员在环仿真试验建立了与各飞机构型匹配的驾驶员模型,形成驾驶员模型库。在此基础上,给出了相似构型决策准则和方法,提出了针对指定飞机构型的驾驶员行为模型预测方法。针对舰载机在复杂海况下的着舰任务开展仿真分析,结果表明,本文方法能够支撑研究不同舰载机构型的操纵负荷的影响。
刘晓雨 , 孙立国 , 谭文倩 , 魏金鹏 , 王维军 , 焦俊凯 . 基于相似构型决策的舰载机驾驶员建模与评估[J]. 航空学报, 2023 , 44(4) : 126329 -126329 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.26329
Complicated sea conditions such as carrier motion and air wake are the core factors that affect the difficulty and accuracy of carrier-based aircraft landing. Establishing a pilot landing control behavior model and constructing a pilot-aircraft closed-loop system are to evaluate the load of the pilot in handling complex sea conditions. Furthermore, there exist usually several different configurations for the new generation carrier aircraft. Even for the same aircraft, it may be of different mass property or aerodynamic configuration when it is prepared to land. Therefore, it is essential to consider the configuration variation of the aircraft in building pilot behavior models. In this paper, to evaluate the load of controlling the carrier-based aircraft, a Hess structure pilot model for longitudinal pitch tracking is established based on the flight experiment method and the frequency domain calculation method. Then, considering the variations of aircraft landing configurations, a configuration library for the typical and control-augmented carrier aircraft is developed based on the Control Anticipation Parameter (CAP) criteria, and pilot-in-the-loop simulation experiments are used to establish a pilot model matching each aircraft type to establish a pilot member model library. On this basis, similar configuration decision-making criteria and method are given, and the pilot behavior model prediction method for the designated aircraft type in the application is proposed. Simulation analysis is carried out on the landing mission of a carrier-based aircraft in complex sea conditions. The results show that the method proposed in this paper can facilitate the study on the influence of the load of pilots in handling different types of ship-borne mechanisms.
1 | YU Y, WANG H L, LI N, et al. Automatic carrier landing system based on active disturbance rejection control with a novel parameters optimizer[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2017, 69: 149-160. |
2 | ZHEN Z Y, YU C J, JIANG S Y, et al. Adaptive super-twisting control for automatic carrier landing of aircraft[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2020, 56(2): 984-997. |
3 | 张志冰, 张秀林, 王家兴, 等. 一种基于多操纵面控制分配的IDLC人工着舰精确控制方法[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(8): 525840. |
ZHANG Z B, ZHANG X L, WANG J X, et al. An IDLC landing control method of carrier-based aircraft based on control allocation of multiple control surfaces[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 525840 (in Chinese). | |
4 | 石明, 屈香菊, 王萌辉. 甲板运动对舰载机人工着舰的影响和补偿[J]. 飞行力学, 2006, 24(1): 5-8. |
SHI M, QU X J, WANG M H. The influence and compensation of deck motion in carrier landing approach[J]. Flight Dynamics, 2006, 24(1): 5-8 (in Chinese). | |
5 | 张永花. 舰载机着舰过程甲板运动建模及补偿技术研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2012. |
ZHANG Y H. Research on deck motion modeling and deck motion compensation for carrier landing[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012 (in Chinese). | |
6 | 梁磊, 肖静, 詹光, 等. 考虑杆臂效应与挠曲变形的全自动着舰技术[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(8): 525841. |
LIANG L, XIAO J, ZHAN G, et al. Automatic landing technology considering lever arm effect and flexural deformation[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 525841 (in Chinese). | |
7 | CHERRY B E, CONSTANTINO M M. The burble effect: Superstructure and flight deck effects on carrier air wake: AD-A527798[R]. Annapolis: United States Naval Academy, 2010. |
8 | KELLY M F, WHITE M D, OWEN I, et al. The queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers: Airwake modelling and validation for ASTOVL flight simulation[C]∥Launch and Recovery Symposium, American Society of Naval Engineers. Baltimore:American Society of Naval Engineers, 2016: 1-13. |
9 | 罗飞, 张军红, 王博, 等. 基于直接升力与动态逆的舰尾流抑制方法[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(12): 124770. |
LUO F, ZHANG J H, WANG B, et al. Air wake suppression method based on direct lift and nonlinear dynamic inversion control[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(12): 124770 (in Chinese). | |
10 | EFREMOV A, EFREMOV E, TIAGLIK M. Advancements in predictions of flying qualities, pilot-induced oscillation tendencies, and flight safety[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2020, 43(1): 4-14. |
11 | DREWIACKI D, SILVESTRE F J, GUIMAR?ES A B. A new handling qualities criterion for pilot-augmented oscillations: AIAA-2020-0282[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2020. |
12 | JONES M, BARNETT M. Analysis of rotorcraft pilot-induced oscillations triggered by active inceptor failures: AIAA-2019-0104[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2019. |
13 | DREWIACKI D, SILVESTRE F J, GUIMAR?ES NETO A B. Influence of airframe flexibility on pilot-induced oscillations[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2019, 42(7): 1537-1550. |
14 | 王永庆, 罗云宝, 王奇涛, 等. 面向机舰适配的舰载飞机起降特性分析[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(1): 269-277. |
WANG Y Q, LUO Y B, WANG Q T, et al. Carrier suitability-oriented launch and recovery characteristics of piloted carrier-based aircraft[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2016, 37(1): 269-277 (in Chinese). | |
15 | MULDER M, POOL D M, ABBINK D A, et al. Manual control cybernetics: State-of-the-art and current trends[J]. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 2018, 48(5): 468-485. |
16 | HOSMAN R, VAN DER GEEST P, VAN DER ZEE J. Development of a pilot model for the manual balked landing maneuver: AIAA-2009-5818[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2009. |
17 | LONE M, COOKE A. Review of pilot models used in aircraft flight dynamics[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2014, 34: 55-74. |
18 | 王淼, 肖刚, 王国庆. 单一飞行员驾驶模式技术[J]. 航空学报, 2020, 41(4): 323541. |
WANG M, XIAO G, WANG G Q. Single pilot operation mode technology[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, 41(4): 323541 (in Chinese). | |
19 | 许舒婷, 谭文倩, 屈香菊. 飞机力提示智能侧杆控制器设计方法[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(8): 525775. |
XU S T, TAN W Q, QU X J. Design method of aircraft smart side-stick controller with force cue[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 525775 (in Chinese). | |
20 | HESS R A. Structural model of the adaptive human pilot[J]. Journal of Guidance and Control, 1980, 3(5): 416-423. |
21 | HESS R A, WATSON D C. Cross coupling in pilot-vehicle systems[J]. Journal of Guidance and Control, 1986, 9(6): 614-620. |
22 | HESS R A, KALTEIS R M. Technique for predicting longitudinal pilot-induced oscillations[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 1991, 14(1): 198-204. |
23 | HESS R A. Unified theory for aircraft handling qualities and adverse aircraft-pilot coupling[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 1997, 20(6): 1141-1148. |
24 | BACHELDER E N, HESS R A, GODFROY-COOPER M, et al. Linking the pilot structural model and pilot workload: AIAA-2018-0533[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2018. |
25 | HESS R A. Analysis of the aircraft carrier landing task, pilot + augmentation/automation[J]. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2019, 51(34): 359-365. |
26 | CHEN C, TAN W Q, QU X J, et al. A fuzzy human pilot model of longitudinal control for a carrier landing task[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2018, 54(1): 453-466. |
27 | 刘嘉, 向锦武, 张颖, 等. 舰载机着舰下滑段飞行员操纵策略研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报, 2018, 16(1): 87-96. |
LIU J, XIANG J W, ZHANG Y, et al. Research on piloting principle in carrier landing[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control, 2018, 16(1): 87-96 (in Chinese). | |
28 | 谭文倩, EFREMOV A V, 屈香菊. 一种预测驾驶员操纵行为的建模方法[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2010, 36(10): 1140-1144. |
TAN W Q, EFREMOV A V, QU X J. Approach of pilot modeling for predicting pilot control behavior[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010, 36(10): 1140-1144 (in Chinese). | |
29 | MCRUER D T, KRENDEL E S. Mathematical models of human pilot behavior[R]. Neuilly sur Seine: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development,1974. |
30 | Defense Quality and Standardization Office. Flying qualities of piloted aircraft: MIL-H [S]. Washington, D. C.: Department of Defense, 1997. |
31 | ANDERSON M. Inner and outer loop manual control of carrier aircraft landing: AIAA-1996-3877[R]. Reston: AIAA, 1996. |
/
〈 |
|
〉 |