6061-T6铝合金激光诱导电弧焊轧复合成形组织性能

宋刚; 刘振夫; 程继文; 刘黎明

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25880

航空学报 >

2022 , Vol. 43 >Issue 2: 625880 - 625880

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25880

先进航空材料焊接/连接专栏

6061-T6铝合金激光诱导电弧焊轧复合成形组织性能

宋刚 ,
刘振夫 ,
程继文 ,
刘黎明

展开

1. 大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 大连 116024;
2. 大连理工大学辽宁省先进焊接技术重点实验室, 大连 116024

收稿日期: 2021-05-31

修回日期: 2021-06-11

网络出版日期: 2021-09-06

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（U1764251，U1960111）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（DUT21LAB133）

收起

Microstructure and properties of welding-rolling composite forming for 6061-T6 aluminum alloy by laser induced arc welding

SONG Gang ,
LIU Zhenfu ,
CHENG Jiwen ,
LIU Liming

Expand

1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
2. Liaoning Advanced Welding Technology Key Laboratory, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

Received date: 2021-05-31

Revised date: 2021-06-11

Online published: 2021-09-06

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1764251, U1960111); The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT21LAB133)

Fold

摘要

针对6061-T6热处理强化铝合金焊后由"接头软化"导致的力学性能严重下降等问题，提出激光诱导电弧填丝焊及焊后局部轧制复合成形工艺，利用焊接接头余高的局部变形辅助强化接头"过时效软化区"。结果表明通过焊轧复合成形方法能得到成形良好且无缺陷的接头。与焊接接头相比，焊轧复合成形接头硬度整体更加均匀，软化最严重位置的硬度由71.2 HV提升到87.8 HV，提升了23.3%；焊轧复合成形接头的平均抗拉强度由246 MPa提升到284 MPa，相对提升了15.4%，达到母材的91.6%。轧制工艺使焊接接头发生局部强制变形，焊缝区等轴晶晶粒被压实且焊缝变宽。焊缝金属向两侧挤压使热影响区组织发生协同变形，导致位错密度增加，实现"过时效软化区"强化效果。

关键词： 铝合金; 接头软化; 激光诱导电弧; 焊轧复合成形; 局部变形

本文引用格式

宋刚 , 刘振夫 , 程继文 , 刘黎明 . 6061-T6铝合金激光诱导电弧焊轧复合成形组织性能[J]. 航空学报, 2022 , 43(2) : 625880 -625880 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25880

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the mechanical properties of 6061-T6 heat-treat aluminum alloy are seriously decreased after welding due to "joint softening", the laser-induced arc filler wire welding and post-weld partial rolling composite forming process is proposed. The partially forced deformation of the residual height of welded joints is used to assist in strengthening the "over-aged softening zone" of the joint. The results show that the welding-rolling composite forming method can obtain well-formed and defect-free joints. Compared with welded joints, the hardness of welding-rolling composite forming joints is more uniform as a whole, and the hardness value of the most seriously softened position is increased from 71.2 HV to 87.8 HV, which is increased by 23.3%; the average tensile strength of welding-rolling composite forming joints is also increased from 246 MPa to 284 MPa, a relative increase of 15.4%, reaching up to 91.6% of the base metal. The rolling process causes partially forced deformation of the welded joint, and the dendrite crystals in the weld seam zone are compacted. The weld seam becomes wider and squeezes to both sides, and then the heat-affected zone structure is coordinating deformation, resulting in an increase in dislocation density and achieving the strengthening effect for the "over-aged softening zone".

Key words： aluminum alloy; joint softening; laser induced arc; welding-rolling composite forming; partially deformation

参考文献

[1] 朱宗涛, 王雪飞, 杨晓益, 等. 高频脉冲耦合铝合金激光-MIG复合焊接熔滴过渡及其熔覆特性[J].焊接学报, 2016, 37(8):39-44, 130. ZHU Z T, WANG X F, YANG X Y, et al. Droplet transfer in aluminum alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding coupled by high frequency pulses and its cladding characteristics[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2016, 37(8):39-44, 130(in Chinese).
[2] 乔俊楠, 王启明, 邹江林, 等. 光纤激光-变极性TIG复合填丝焊接A7N01铝合金接头的组织与力学性能[J].中国激光, 2016, 43(9):0902001. QIAO J N, WANG Q M, ZOU J L, et al. Microstructure and mechanical property of A7N01 aluminum alloy joints by fiber laser-variable polarity TIG hybrid welding with filler wire[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2016, 43(9):0902001(in Chinese).
[3] 翟玉峰, 黄坚, 李敏, 等. 6061-T6铝合金高速高功率CO₂激光填丝焊接性的研究[J].中国激光, 2011, 38(5):0503001. ZHAI Y F, HUANG J, LI M, et al. Research on high speed high power CO₂ laser welding of 6061-T6 aluminum with filler wire[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2011, 38(5):0503001(in Chinese).
[4] 朱浩, 陈强, 陈剑虹. 热影响区几何尺寸对铝合金焊接接头变形及强度影响规律[J].焊接学报, 2012, 33(5):77-81, 117. ZHU H, CHEN Q, CHEN J H. Influence rule of HAZ geometrical dimension to aluminum alloy joint deformation and strength[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2012, 33(5):77-81, 117(in Chinese).
[5] 许良红, 田志凌, 彭云, 等. 高强铝合金的激光焊接头组织及力学性能[J].中国激光, 2008, 35(3):456-461. XU L H, TIAN Z L, PENG Y, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength aluminum alloy laser welds[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2008, 35(3):456-461(in Chinese).
[6] 王亚洁. 6061-T6铝合金高频脉冲辅助方波交流TIG焊研究[D]. 济南:山东大学, 2019:72-76. WANG Y J. Research on high-frequency pulse coupled square wave AC-TIG welding of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy[D]. Jinan:Shandong University, 2019:72-76(in Chinese).
[7] 金礼, 徐敏, 薛家祥, 等. 热输入对铝合金双脉冲MIG焊接头性能的影响[J].焊接学报, 2018, 39(1):89-92, 133. JIN L, XU M, XUE J X, et al. Effect of line energy on properties of aluminum alloy joints in double pulsed MIG welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2018, 39(1):89-92, 133(in Chinese).
[8] HIROSE A, KOBAYASHI K F. Characteristics of laser-beam welds of age-hardenable 6061-T6 aluminum alloy[C]//Proc SPIE 4831, First International Symposium on High-Power Laser Macroprocessing, 2003, 4831:313-318.
[9] 邱宇, 孟强, 董继红, 等. 6061-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺及性能研究[J].塑性工程学报, 2021, 28(2):86-91. QIU Y, MENG Q, DONG J H, et al. Study on technology and properties of friction stir welding for 6061-T6 aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2021, 28(2):86-91(in Chinese).
[10] 柴森森. 局部轧制及热处理对AZ系镁合金焊接组织与性能的影响研究[D]. 重庆:重庆大学, 2016:10-12. CHAI S S. Effects of partial rolling and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ series Mg alloy joints[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2016:10-12(in Chinese).
[11] 方洪渊, 董志波, 徐文立. 随焊锤击防止薄板焊接热裂纹的工艺研究[J].焊接, 2002(3):17-20. FANG H Y, DONG Z B, XU W L. Process of avoiding welding hot cracking of thin plate with trailing peening[J].Welding & Joining, 2002(3):17-20(in Chinese).
[12] 马跃进. 辊材堆焊锤击消除应力机理及随焊锤击系统研究[D]. 天津:天津大学, 2009:95-97. MA Y J. Research on stress relief mechanism by peening roll after surfacing welding and welding with trailing peening system[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2009:95-97(in Chinese).
[13] 王佳杰, 杨建国, 张敬强, 等. 随焊冲击碾压整形新方法及等承载接头拉伸与疲劳性能[J].焊接学报, 2012, 33(11):35-38, 114. WANG J J, YANG J G, ZHANG J Q, et al. A new weld shaping method with trailing impact rolling and tensile and fatigue properties for equal load-carrying capacity joints[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2012, 33(11):35-38, 114(in Chinese).
[14] 宋刚, 刘黎明, 张兆栋, 等. 一种铝合金焊接接头软化区的强韧化方法:CN111069738B[P]. 2021-11-05. SONG G, LIU L M, ZHANG Z D, et al. Strengthening and toughening method for softened area of aluminum alloy welded joint:CN111069738B[P]. 2021-11-05(in Chinese).
[15] 宋刚, 程继文, 刘振夫. 基于"热导拘束+局部变形强化"的铝合金焊轧复合成形方法[J].机械工程学报, 2020, 56(8):85-91. SONG G, CHENG J W, LIU Z F. Compound technique of welding and rolling for aluminum alloy based on thermal conductivity constraint and local deformation strengthening[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(8):85-91(in Chinese).
[16] 刘黎明, 王红阳, 宋刚. 能源节约型激光诱导电弧复合焊技术及应用[J].焊接学报, 2015, 36(11):9-12, 113. LIU L M, WANG H Y, SONG G. Energy-saving mode laser induced arc hybrid welding technology and application[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2015, 36(11):9-12, 113(in Chinese).
[17] LIU L M, HAO X F. Study of the effect of low-power pulse laser on arc plasma and magnesium alloy target in hybrid welding by spectral diagnosis technique[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics, 2008, 41(20):205202.
[18] 孙佳. 6061铝合金激光诱导TIG复合高速焊接头性能研究[D]. 大连:大连理工大学, 2019:65-67. SUN J. Study on joint property of 6061 aluminum alloy laser induced TIG hybrid weld at high welding speed[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2019:65-67(in Chinese).
[19] 刘强, 张南南, 张亚雄. 深冷处理对6061铝合金冷金属过渡焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺, 2017, 46(19):244-246. LIU Q, ZHANG N N, ZHANG Y X. Effect of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy CMT welding joint[J].Hot Working Technology, 2017, 46(19):244-246(in Chinese).
[20] DU C C, PAN Q H, CHEN S J, et al. Effect of rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061-T6 DS-FSW plate[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2020, 772:138692.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献