全陶瓷轴承具有高精度和高承载能力等优越性能,在航空发动机中有重要应用前景,如何实时获取全陶瓷轴承运行状态是保证其服役性能的重要问题。基于故障振动信号沿外圈传导过程中的衰减提出了一种全陶瓷轴承外圈裂纹位置识别方法。针对全陶瓷球轴承外圈早期裂纹位置判断的问题,考虑到全陶瓷球轴承在运行过程中外圈所承受的载荷,对外圈裂纹发生机理进行分析,建立外圈含有裂纹故障的全陶瓷球轴承故障动力学模型。对故障振动信号沿轴承外圈传导过程中的振动衰减进行分析,基于故障振动信号沿外圈传导过程中的传导衰减矩阵,建立外圈故障位置判断模型,推导得到外圈上不同位置模拟振动信号的同步均方根差值与外圈裂纹位置角之间的函数关系,进而得到全陶瓷球轴承外圈裂纹位置识别方法。仿真与实验数据对比表明:全陶瓷球轴承外圈上不同位置两点处故障振动信号的同步均方根差值与外圈裂纹位置存在一定程度的函数关系。全陶瓷球轴承外圈裂纹位置方法识别精度为3.6°,该方法实现了全陶瓷球轴承外圈裂纹位置定位,为全陶瓷球轴承的故障诊断和健康监测提供了理论依据。
Full ceramic bearings have excellent performance such as high precision and high load-carrying capacity, which have important application prospects in aero-engine. Therefore, how to obtain the real-time running state of full ceramic bearings is an important problem to ensure their service performance. In this research, based on the attenuation of fault vibration signal along the outer ring, a method to recognize the crack location of the outer ring of full ceramic bearing is proposed. Aiming at the problem of recognizing the early crack position of the outer ring of full ceramic bearing, and considering the load of the outer ring of full ceramic bearing in the process of operation, the mechanism of the outer ring crack is analyzed, meanwhile, the dynamic model of full ceramic bearing including the outer ring crack fault is established. Based on the transmission attenuation matrix of fault vibration signal along the outer ring, the judgment model of outer ring fault location is established, the functional relationship between the synchronous root mean square difference of simulated vibration signal at different positions on the outer ring and the outer ring crack location angle is derived, and the crack location identification method of ceramic ball bearing outer ring is obtained. The comparison of simulation and experimental data shows that there is a certain degree of functional relationship between the synchronous root mean square difference of two fault vibration signals at different positions on the outer ring of full ceramic bearing and the position of outer ring crack. The accuracy of the method is 3.6°. The method can recognize the crack position of the outer ring of full ceramic bearing, which provides a theoretical basis for fault diagnosis and health monitoring of full ceramic bearing.
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