铜合金表面激光熔覆镍基复合涂层性能分析

雍耀维; 赵瑞恒; 王军; 张帅

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25604

航空学报 >

2022 , Vol. 43 >Issue 4: 525604 - 525604

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25604

论文

铜合金表面激光熔覆镍基复合涂层性能分析

雍耀维 ,
赵瑞恒 ,
王军 ,
张帅

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宁夏大学机械工程学院, 银川 750021

收稿日期: 2021-03-31

修回日期: 2021-04-23

网络出版日期: 2021-06-29

基金资助

宁夏自然科学基金（2018AAC03059）；宁夏重点研发计划（引才专项）（2020BEB04030）；宁夏高等学校科学研究项目（NGY2018021）

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Properties of nickel-based composite alloy coating on copper reinforced by laser cladding

YONG Yaowei ,
ZHAO Ruiheng ,
WANG Jun ,
ZHANG Shuai

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School of Mechanical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received date: 2021-03-31

Revised date: 2021-04-23

Online published: 2021-06-29

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia(2018AAC03059); Ningxia Key Research and Development Program (Special Talents) (2020BEB04030); Scientific Research Project of Ningxia Education Department (NGY2018021)

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摘要

铜合金因其优良特性在航空航天领域具有广泛应用。为了提高铜合金的机械性能，通过在镍基合金粉末中添加WC和ZrO₂粉末，利用原位生成的办法成功在铜合金表面制备了Ni基复合增强合金涂层，充分利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、能谱分析（EDS）等表征技术和分析手段对熔覆层的微观组织、物相组成、硬度及耐磨性进行测试。结果显示：复合合金涂层中以WC、ZrC、M₂₃C₆、（W，Zr） C等碳化物为强化相，提高了涂层的硬度。对合金涂层的硬度、常温和高温耐磨性进行测试，复合涂层相比于基体，性能均得到有效提升，硬度从90 HV_0.2提高至620 HV_0.2，表面摩擦系数降低，耐磨性显著提升；尤其对高温耐磨性，提高约20倍。因此，经强化后的铜合金可实际应用于结晶器、火箭内衬材料等的生产与制造。

关键词： 激光熔覆; 铜合金; 复合涂层; 氧化锆; 耐磨性

本文引用格式

雍耀维 , 赵瑞恒 , 王军 , 张帅 . 铜合金表面激光熔覆镍基复合涂层性能分析[J]. 航空学报, 2022 , 43(4) : 525604 -525604 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25604

Abstract

The copper alloy is widely used in the aerospace field because of its excellent characteristics. To improve the mechanical properties of copper alloys, an enhanced composite coating was successfully fabricated onto a copper substrate by laser cladding through adding mixture of ZrO₂ and WC into Ni60 powder. The microstructure, interfacial composition, phase composition, hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer were characterized and tested by means of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the hardness of the coating was improved significantly by the strengthening phase of the carbides such as WC, ZrC, M₂₃C₆ and (W,Zr) C in the composite alloy coating. The hardness and wear resistance at room and high temperature of the alloy coating were estimated. It is found that both the hardness and wear resistance of the reinforced copper substrate was significantly improved. The hardness of the copper alloy was improved from 90 HV_0.2 to 620 HV_0.2 after reinforcing; meanwhile, the friction coefficient was decreased, and its wear resistance was improved. Especially, the resistance at high temperature was improved significantly by about 20 times. Therefore, the Ni-based alloy coating reinforced can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the copper substation, and can play a practical role in extending the service life of products such as crystallizer and chamber liner in the rocket engine.

Key words： laser cladding; copper alloy; composite coating; zirconium oxide; wear resistance

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