变构型飞行器在军事和民用领域中具有极其重要的战略意义,设计了一种基于四面体单元的变形翼骨架,该变形翼骨架具有多自由度、分布式驱动等特点。确定了变形翼骨架组成单元,设计了一种可以实现相邻四面体连接与转动的球形接头,对组成单元和球形接头进行了参数化分析。基于运动影响系数法对变形翼骨架进行了运动学分析,获得了变形翼骨架的运动学特性;基于有限元法,分析了变形翼骨架的力学特性。建立了包含面外载荷及骨架自身重力的驱动器驱动参数模型,分析了在静力作用下的驱动器载荷情况。最后,研制了变形翼骨架原理样机,通过试验验证了骨架变后掠、展向弯曲及扭转等变形功能。
Variable configuration aircraft are of strategic significance in both military and civil fields. This study designs a morphing wing mechanism with characteristics of multi degree of freedom and distributed drive based on the tetrahedral element. Through comparative analysis of multiple schemes, the basic elements of the morphing wing mechanism are determined, a spherical joint which can realize the connection and rotation of adjacent tetrahedrons is designed, and the parametric analysis of the component and spherical joint is carried out. Kinematic analysis of the morphing wing mechanism is conducted based on the motion influence coefficient method, the mechanical properties of the deformation mechanism analyzed based on the finite element method and theoretical analysis, the driving parameter model including out-of-plane loads and skeleton gravity established, and the static loads of different actuators analyzed. Finally, a prototype is developed, and the multi degree of freedom deformation functions, such as variable sweep, bending and torsion, are verified by experiments.
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