航母舰载机尾流冲击偏流板的噪声辐射严重威胁着地勤人员的身心健康及航母甲板上精密仪器的安全,该问题可简化为超声速射流冲击斜板问题。通过高频粒子图像测速法(PIV)与远场噪声测量研究了不同喷口-斜板冲击距离下斜板表面凹槽结构对冲击噪声特性的影响,以探索凹槽结构的降噪机理及确定合适的尾喷管-偏流板冲击距离。结果表明:斜板表面开槽能有效降低冲击射流噪声,且降噪效果与冲击距离关系密切,当冲击距离为3~5倍喷口直径(L/d=3~5)时,开槽斜板在L/d=3.8时降噪效果最佳;开槽斜板能有效降低超声速冲击射流噪声主要缘于其对啸声具有良好的抑制作用;马赫数为1.12时,对于出口直径d=56 mm 的圆形喷口而言,啸声主要声源区位于第4个激波格栅后边缘处,这与目前的普遍认知相符。合适的冲击距离下,凹槽结构刚好能影响该激波格栅,从而有效抑制啸声。
The noise radiation of the aircraft carrier seriously threatens the physical and mental health of the ground personality and the safety of the precision instruments on the aircraft carrier, and this problem can be simplified as a supersonic jet impact inclined plate problem. This paper studies the influence of the surface groove structure on the impact noise characteristics with high frequency Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and far field noise measurement to explore the noise reduction mechanism of the groove structure and determine the nozzle-deflector impact distance. The results show that the slotted surface of the inclined plate can effectively reduce the impact jet noise, and the noise reduction effect is closely related to the impact distance. If the impact distance is 3-5 times the nozzle diameter (L/d=3-5), the noise reduction effect of the slotted inclined plate is the best at L/d=3.8. The slotted inclined plate can effectively reduce the noise of supersonic impinging jet mainly because of its good inhibitory effect on the screech tone. When the Mach number is 1.12, the main sound source area of the screech tone is located at the rear edge of the fourth shock cells for a circular nozzle with an outlet diameter of d=56 mm, which is consistent with the current general knowledge. With a proper impact distance, the groove structure can affect the shock cells, thereby effectively suppressing the screech tone.
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