涵道螺旋桨设计变量的影响及其流动机理

韩凯; 白俊强; 邱亚松; 昌敏

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25466

航空学报 >

2022 , Vol. 43 >Issue 7: 125466 - 125466

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25466

流体力学与飞行力学

涵道螺旋桨设计变量的影响及其流动机理

韩凯 ,
白俊强 ,
邱亚松 ,
昌敏

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西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院, 西安 710072

收稿日期: 2021-03-10

修回日期: 2021-04-29

网络出版日期: 2021-04-29

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Aerodynamic performance and flow mechanism of ducted propeller with different design variables

HAN Kai ,
BAI Junqiang ,
QIU Yasong ,
CHANG Min

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Unmanned System Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

Received date: 2021-03-10

Revised date: 2021-04-29

Online published: 2021-04-29

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摘要

涵道螺旋桨被认为具有推进效率高、结构紧凑、安全性高及噪声水平低等优势,在多种飞行器上具有较高的应用潜力。为了探究几个重要设计变量对涵道螺旋桨气动特性的影响和流动机理,以推进式涵道螺旋桨为研究对象,使用基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes (RANS)方程和多重参考坐标系(MRF)的准定常求解方法以及静止域和旋转域进行面搭接的结构网格,研究了螺旋桨旋转速度和来流速度、涵道径弦比以及涵道唇口偏转角度对涵道螺旋桨气动特性的影响和流动机理。研究表明,随着转速的增加,涵道推力占总推力的比例先增加后减小,在研究范围内,涵道和桨叶在不同的来流速度下表现出了不同的流动特性;随来流速度的增加,总推力和推进效率先增大后减小,推力和推进效率的非单调变化主要受到涵道唇口和桨叶当地工况以及涵道唇口和桨叶部件流动分离两方面的影响;带有涵道的构型中,涵道径弦比对涵道螺旋桨的推力特性有重要的影响,研究范围内不同径弦比的涵道螺旋桨的巡航工况下推进效率均大于孤立螺旋桨;研究的向外扩张的涵道唇口其大迎角特性较好,主要体现在大迎角状态下推力较大和失速特性较好,并在以上研究基础上分析总结了涵道螺旋桨和孤立螺旋桨的区别以及涵道与桨叶之间互相影响的现象和机理。

关键词： 涵道螺旋桨; 旋转速度; 来流速度; 径弦比; 涵道唇口偏转

本文引用格式

韩凯 , 白俊强 , 邱亚松 , 昌敏 . 涵道螺旋桨设计变量的影响及其流动机理[J]. 航空学报, 2022 , 43(7) : 125466 -125466 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25466

Abstract

The ducted propeller is considered to have the advantages of high propulsion efficiency, compact structure, high safety, and low noise level, so it has high application potential in aircraft design. The influences of several important design variables on the aerodynamic characteristics and flow mechanism of the ducted propeller are explored in this paper. A typical push ducted propeller is selected for the study. The quasi-steady method based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equation and the Multiple Reference Frame(MRF) is used. Both static and rotational domains are divided into structural meshes, and coupled by the surface overlapping strategy. The influences of different rotation speeds, freestream speeds, aspect ratios of the duct and duct lip deflection angles are studied. The result shows that with the increase of the rotation speed, the proportion of duct thrust to total thrust increases first and then decrease. Within a certain range of the freestream speed, the duct and the propeller show different flow characteristics at different forward speeds. With the increase of the forward speed, the total thrust first increases and then decreases, but the propulsion efficiency monotonically increases. The non-monotonic variation of thrust is mainly affected by the local working conditions of the duct and propeller parts and the separation of the duct lip and propeller parts. In the configuration with the duct, the aspect ratio of the duct has an important effect on the thrust characteristic of the propeller, and the propulsion efficiency of the ducted propeller is higher than that of the isolated propeller in the cruising condition. The outward expanding duct lip has better aerodynamic characteristics at high angle of attack, which are mainly reflected in large thrust and better stall characteristics. The differences between the ducted propeller and the isolated propeller and the interaction mechanism between the duct and propeller are also analyzed.

Key words： ducted propeller; rotation speed; freestream speed; aspect ratio; duct lip deflectionhttp

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