6061铝合金超声电弧MIG焊声电特性和工艺

李洪亮; 崔展祥; 刘世雄; 马强; 姚亦强; 雷玉成

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.24969

航空学报 >

2022 , Vol. 43 >Issue 2: 624969 - 624969

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.24969

先进航空材料焊接/连接专栏

6061铝合金超声电弧MIG焊声电特性和工艺

李洪亮 ,
崔展祥 ,
刘世雄 ,
马强 ,
姚亦强 ,
雷玉成

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1. 江苏大学材料科学与工程学院, 镇江 212013;
2. 中广核研究院有限公司, 深圳 518000

收稿日期: 2020-11-13

修回日期: 2020-11-30

网络出版日期: 2021-02-02

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（51875264）

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Acoustic-electric characteristics and process of ultrasonic-arc MIG welding of 6061 aluminum alloy

LI Hongliang ,
CUI Zhanxiang ,
LIU Shixiong ,
MA Qiang ,
YAO Yiqiang ,
LEI Yucheng

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1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
2. China General Nuclear Power Corporation, Shenzhen 518000, China

Received date: 2020-11-13

Revised date: 2020-11-30

Online published: 2021-02-02

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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摘要

超声电弧焊接技术是一种细化焊缝晶粒和提升接头力学性能的有效手段。为了研究超声电弧MIG焊接过程中超声的激发和作用机制，更好的控制超声电弧，通过高频调制MIG焊接电弧，激发出超声波，在焊接过程中通过信号采集和分析，获得电弧的电信号特征和声激发特性，初步确定了焊接电弧的输入阻抗、受激超声的声压同激励参数之间的近似关系，并研究了超声电弧对焊缝成形和显微组织的作用效果。试验结果表明，外加的超声激励使电弧电压在基值处出现高频振荡现象，MIG焊电弧对超声激励的输入阻抗与激励频率有关，激励频率越大，受激的三角波电流越小，输入阻抗就越大；MIG焊电弧中超声的响应频率与激励频率一致，而超声的声压幅度与激励能量有关，激励频率越小、激励电压越大时，激励能量越大，超声的声压振幅越大。与常规MIG焊相比，超声电弧的引入可以增加焊缝熔深，当U_e=55 V，f=70 kHz时，焊缝熔深增加23%。焊缝金属晶粒得到细化，焊缝金属中的析出相更加弥散分布。

关键词： 6061铝合金; MIG焊; 超声电弧; 焊缝成形; 微观组织

本文引用格式

李洪亮 , 崔展祥 , 刘世雄 , 马强 , 姚亦强 , 雷玉成 . 6061铝合金超声电弧MIG焊声电特性和工艺[J]. 航空学报, 2022 , 43(2) : 624969 -624969 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.24969

Abstract

The arc-ultrasonic welding technology is an effective method to refine the weld grain and improve the mechanical properties of joints. To study the excitation and function mechanism of ultrasonic in the arc-ultrasonic MIG welding process and better control the arc-ultrasonic, the MIG welding arc is modulated by the high frequency signal to excite the ultrasonic wave. The electrical and acoustic excitation characteristics of the welding arc are obtained through signal acquisition and analysis during the welding process. The approximate relationship between the input impedance of the welding arc, the sound pressure of the excited ultrasonic and the excitation parameters is preliminarily identified. The effect of arc-ultrasonic on weld appearance and weld metal microstructure is also clarified. It is concluded that external ultrasonic excitation causes the oscillation of welding arc voltage at the base value, and the input impedance of the MIG welding arc to the ultrasonic excitation is related to the excitation frequency. The greater the excitation frequency is, the lower the excited triangular wave current becomes, and then the larger the input impedance gets. The ultrasonic response frequency of the MIG welding arc shows a same value with the excitation frequency, while the ultrasonic sound pressure amplitude is related to the excitation energy. The smaller the excitation frequency is and the higher the excitation voltage is, the greater the excitation energy is, and the greater the ultrasonic sound pressure amplitude becomes. The introduction of ultrasonic arc can increase weld penetration. Compared to conventional MIG welding, the weld penetration obtained using the ultrasonic arc technique can be increased by 23% when U_e is 55 V and f is 70 kHz. The grain size of the weld metal is refined and the precipitates in the weld metal are more dispersed.

Key words： 6061 aluminum alloy; MIG welding; ultrasonic arc; weld appearance; microstructure

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