提高飞机壁板低频宽带隔声的层合声学超材料

顾金桃; 王晓乐; 汤又衡; 周杰; 黄震宇

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24785

航空学报 >

2022 , Vol. 43 >Issue 1: 224785 - 224785

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24785

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

提高飞机壁板低频宽带隔声的层合声学超材料

顾金桃 ,
王晓乐 ,
汤又衡 ,
周杰 ,
黄震宇

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1. 航空工业第一飞机设计研究院, 西安 710089;
2. 上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院, 上海 200240;
3. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072

收稿日期: 2020-09-22

修回日期: 2020-11-10

网络出版日期: 2020-11-06

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（52003155）

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Laminated acoustic metamaterial for improving low-frequency broadband sound insulation of aircraft wall panels

GU Jintao ,
WANG Xiaole ,
TANG Youheng ,
ZHOU Jie ,
HUANG Zhenyu

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1. AVIC The First Aircraft Institute, Xi’an 710089, China;
2. School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
3. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China

Received date: 2020-09-22

Revised date: 2020-11-10

Online published: 2020-11-06

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52003155)

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摘要

针对飞机舱内的低频宽带噪声控制难题，提出了适用于飞机壁板隔声增强的层合声学超材料。该层合声学超材料由前、后2层不同构成参数的约束型薄膜声学超材料板，及其中间填充的多孔吸声材料复合而成。通过建立层合声学超材料的隔声计算有限元模型，分析各层约束型薄膜声学超材料，以及两者复合构成的层合声学超材料的隔声特性关系，着重研究层合声学超材料的负质量效应对其隔声特性的影响机理。基于四传声器法声阻抗管测试系统，测量层合声学超材料的法向入射隔声量，用以验证有限元模型的有效性。最后，在半消室开展大尺寸层合声学超材料的插入损失试验，结果表明在100~500 Hz的低频工作频段，面密度为1.5 kg/m²的层合声学超材料样件，其算术平均插入损失达到14 dB，体现了优异的低频宽带隔声能力。研究工作对于采用轻薄声学超材料提高飞机壁板的低频宽带隔声性能具有一定的理论和工程指导价值。

关键词： 声学超材料; 飞机壁板; 噪声控制; 隔声特性; 层合材料; 低频宽带

本文引用格式

顾金桃 , 王晓乐 , 汤又衡 , 周杰 , 黄震宇 . 提高飞机壁板低频宽带隔声的层合声学超材料[J]. 航空学报, 2022 , 43(1) : 224785 -224785 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24785

Abstract

Aiming at the problem of low-frequency broadband noise control in the aircraft cabin, a laminated acoustic metamaterial, which is suitable for sound insulation enhancement of aircraft wall panels, is proposed. The laminated acoustic metamaterial is composed of two membrane-constrained acoustic metamaterial panels with different composition parameters in the front and the back, and a porous sound-absorbing material filled in them. By establishing the sound insulation calculating finite element model of laminated acoustic metamaterials, analyzing the relationship between the sound insulation characteristics of each layer of membrane-constrained acoustic metamaterials and the laminated acoustic metamaterials composed of them. And focusing on the mechanism of negative mass effect of laminated acoustic metamaterials on its sound insulation characteristics. Based on the four-microphone acoustic impedance tube test system, the normal incident sound insulation of the laminated acoustic metamaterial is measured to verify the validity of the finite element model. Finally, the insertion loss test of the large-size laminated acoustic metamaterial was carried out in the semi-cancellation chamber. The results showed that the average insertion loss of the laminated acoustic metamaterial samples with an areal density of 1.5 kg/m² in the low-frequency operating frequency range of 100-500 Hz reaches 14 dB, which reflected the excellent low-frequency broadband sound insulation capability. The research has certain theoretical and engineering guidance value for using thin and light acoustic metamaterials to improve the low-frequency broadband sound insulation performance of aircraft wall panels.

Key words： acoustic metamaterial; aircraft siding; noise control; sound insulation characteristics; laminated materials; low-frequency noise

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