旋翼有限地面效应的理论建模和试验
收稿日期: 2016-03-14
修回日期: 2016-07-25
网络出版日期: 2016-08-22
基金资助
国家自然科学基金（51405227）
Theoretical model and experiment on rotor in finite ground effect
Received date: 2016-03-14
Revised date: 2016-07-25
Online published: 2016-08-22
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51405227)
辛冀 , 李攀 , 陈仁良 , 刘大伟 . 旋翼有限地面效应的理论建模和试验[J]. 航空学报, 2017 , 38(3) : 120219 -120219 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0221
A new flow-field analysis model for the finite ground effect of the rotor is developed. Considering the complexity of the ground effect caused by finite ground, a "material line" rectification method is proposed to solve the problem that part of wake vortices may non-physically "penetrate" the finite ground in discrete prediction, and a high stability time-stepping free-wake algorithm with 3rd-order accuracy is introduced into the model. Considering the shortage of existing experimental data for finite ground effect, a finite ground effect experiment research is also implemented, and the thrust, torque and flap angle of a hovering and flying rotor are measured. The experimental data validates the analysis model proposed in this paper. According to the wake geometry got from theoretical model, several flying states of rotor in finite ground effect are analyzed, and some reasonable conclusions are gained.
Key words： rotor; finite ground; time-stepping; free-wake; wake rectification
[1] IBOSHI N, ITOGA N, HAYATA Y, et al. Hovering performance of a rotor in an inclined and partial ground effect[J]. Transaction of Japanese Society of Aeronautics and Space Science, 2003, 51(595):433-440.
[2] IBOSHI N, ITOGA N, MAEDA K, et al. Hovering performance of a rotor in a dynamic ground effect[J]. Transaction of Japanese Society of Aeroanutics and Space Science, 2004, 52(606):302-308.
[3] MELLO O A, PRASAD J V, SANKAR L N. Analysis of helicopter-ship aerodynamic interaction[C]//The AHS Aeromechanics Specialists Conference. San Francisco:AHS, 1994:345-364.
[4] ZHANG H, PRASAD J V, SANKAR L N. A simulation model of ship ground effect for helicopter-ship interaction study[C]//Proceedings of the 51st Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society, 1995:141-148.
[5] ITOGA N, NAGASHIMA T, IBOSHI N, et al. A new numerical method for predicting aero-mechanical behaviors of a rotor hovering at close proximity to inclined flat surface[C]//Proceedings of the 55th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society, 1999:511-520.
[6] KELLER J D, HOFFLER J C. Application of a real time free wake induced velocity model in a naval rotorcraft flight trainer[C]//Proceedings of the 67th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society, 2011:275-284.
[7] WACHSPRESS D A, KELER J D, QUACKENBUSH T R, et al. High fidelity rotor aerodynamic module for real-time rotorcraft flight simulation[C]//Proceedings of the 64th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society, 2008:321-334.
[8] BARAKOS G H, CROZON C, STEIJL R. Numerical study of shipborne rotors[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd Asian/Australian Rotorcraft Forum, 2013:1-28.
[9] NACAKLI Y, LANDMAN D. Investigation of backward-facing-step flow field for dynamic interface application[J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 2012, 57(3):032005.
[10] ZAN S J. Experimental determination of rotor thrust in a ship airwake[J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 2002, 47(2):100-108.
[11] BAGAI A. Contributions to the mathematical modeling of rotor flow-fields using a pseudo-implicit free-wake analysis[D]. Maryland:University of Maryland, 1995.
[12] BHAGWAT M J. Mathematical modeling of the transient dynamics of helicopter rotor wakes using a time-accurate free-vortex methods[D]. Maryland:University of Maryland, 2003.
[13] 李春华, 徐国华. 倾转旋翼过渡状态的尾迹及气动力特性计算与分析[J]. 应用力学学报, 2008, 25(3):466-470. LI C H, XU G H. Computation and analysis for wake and aerodynamic characteristics of tiltrotors in transitional flight[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2008, 25(3):466-470(in Chinese).
[14] LI P, CHEN R L. Rotor unsteady aerodynamics model using an efficient free-vortex method[J]. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 2012, 84(5):331-320.
[15] 辛冀, 李攀, 陈仁良. 基于三阶显式格式的旋翼时间步进自由尾迹计算与验证[J]. 航空学报, 2013, 34(11):2452-2463. XIN J, LI P, CHEN R L. Prediction and validation of rotor time-marching free wake based on 3rd-order explicit numerical scheme[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2013, 34(11):2452-2463(in Chinese).
[16] 黄水林, 李春华, 徐国华. 基于自由尾迹和升力面方法的双旋翼悬停气动干扰计算[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2007, 25(3):390-395. HUANG S L, LI C H, XU G H. An analytical method for aerodynamic interactions of twin rotors based upon free vortex and lifting-surface models[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2007, 25(3):390-395(in Chinese).
[17] PULLA D P. A study of helicopter aerodynamics in ground effect[D]. Ohio:The Ohio State University, 2006.
[18] 李攀, 陈仁良. 旋翼桨尖涡模型及其在自由尾迹分析中的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2010, 31(8):1517-1523. LI P, CHEN R L. Rotor tip vortex model and its effect on free-vortex wake analysis[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2010, 31(8):1517-1523(in Chinese).
[19] SCULLY M P. A method of computing helicopter vortex wake distortion:ASRL TR 138-1[R]. Massachusetts:Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1967.
[20] ANATHAN S, LEISHMAN J G. Role of filament strain in the free-vortex medeling of rotor wakes[J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 2004, 49(2):176-191.
[21] GRIFFITHS D A. A study of multi-rotor interference and ground effect using a free-vortex wake model[D]. Maryland:University of Maryland, 2001.
[22] 陈仁良, 辛冀, 李攀. 一种新的尾迹-地面干扰修正方法[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2012, 44(5):694-699. CHEN R L, XIN J, LI P. New rectification method for interaction of rotor wake vortices and ground[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012, 44(5):694-699(in Chinese).
[23] 辛冀, 李攀, 陈仁良. 地面效应中前飞旋翼的自由尾迹计算[J]. 航空动力学报, 2013, 28(12):2655-2662. XIN J, LI P, CHEN R L. Calculation of free-wake of forward flying rotor in ground effect[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(12):2655-2662(in Chinese).
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA