飞机舱内噪声的研究现状
收稿日期: 2016-01-18
修回日期: 2016-03-02
网络出版日期: 2016-05-11
Research status of aircraft interior noise
Received date: 2016-01-18
Revised date: 2016-03-02
Online published: 2016-05-11
飞机舱内噪声是影响乘客舒适性的一项重要指标，舱内噪声的最小化是国内外共同追求的目标。在对飞机外部噪声源特性进行介绍的基础上，对噪声源/传递路径识别、舱内降噪措施以及声学试验计算等方面进行了综述。其中，噪声源以及噪声传递路径识别主要从各种识别技术手段方面展开了讨论，包括频率分析法、相关技术、修改噪声传递路径、空气传声以及结构传声的识别。而舱内降噪方法主要从被动降噪与主动降噪两方面进行全面介绍，指出被动降噪是一种修改与优化噪声传递路径的方法，而主动降噪能自动感应识别并控制噪声源，并分别给出了两者的优点及其局限性。在噪声测试与仿真模拟方面则介绍了国内外地面实验室舱内噪声的研究情况，并指出了国内的不足，对仿真计算理论进行了梳理，列出各自的适用范围。最后，指出了目前舱内噪声研究依然存在的问题与挑战，并给出了未来的研究方向。
左孔成 , 陈鹏 , 王政 , 田昊 , 唐道锋 . 飞机舱内噪声的研究现状[J]. 航空学报, 2016 , 37(8) : 2370 -2384 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0073
One of the most important factors influencing passengers' comfortableness for civil aircraft is interior noise whose minimization is one of the goals for all countries in the world. This paper reviews the identification of noise sources/transmission paths, interior noise reduction measures, acoustic test and simulating calculation after introducing the characteristics of exterior noise sources. Thereinto, the discussion of identification of noise sources/transmission paths is carried out through various identification techniques, including frequency analysis, coherence techniques, source/path modification and identification of airborne/structure-born paths. The passive and active control concerning aircraft cabin noise reduction is introduced comprehensively. Active control can identify and control the noise sources with an auto-negotiation way in the event that passive control can modify and optimize the noise transmission paths, and then both their advantages and disadvantages are provided. For noise test and simulation, this paper firstly introduces current domestic and overseas research situation of ground test and points out domestic drawbacks. Whereafter, the paper presents the methods of simulating calculation and lists their range of application. At the end of this paper, the current existing problems and challenges of aircraft cabin noise are referred and possible future research direction is proposed.
Key words： interior noise; noise source; transmission path; noise reduction; aircraft
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