颤振试验项目中，缩比模型与原型模型的匹配度直接影响试验结果的可信性。但模型设计时，难以做到完全的动力学相似，只能模拟低阶模态或主要模态的振型和频率。模型设计时对颤振主要模态的判断和选取缺少理论支撑。本文以一个高速翼面模型为分析对象，通过广义气动刚度系数、非定常气动力、颤振结果分析等多种手段，完成对颤振主要模态的选取和分析。分析发现，基于振型的气动刚度系数，可作为颤振模型设计或颤振分析时主要模态选取的快速判断方法。
In wind tunnel flutter test, the matching degree between scaled model and prototype would directly affect the reliability of test results. It is difficult to achieve completely dynamic similarity for some material or technological constrains, and only lower order modes can be accurately simulated to construct a compromised model. Theoretical support would be necessary to answer the question of how to define the order of modes simulated in order to guarantee data validity of wind tunnel flutter test. An analytical study of a sweepback wing was undertaken to estimate the main mode orders needed for accurate flutter prediction by comparing generalized aerodynamic stiffness coefficient, unsteady aerodynamic force and flutter results. The results show that the aerodynamic stiffness coefficient with expression of mode shape could be taken as a quick criterion for mode selection in flutter model design and analysis, and the research could be used to effective control the order of the model and improve model design efficiency.
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