一种用于高分辨扇扫成像的MIMO阵列
收稿日期: 2013-06-24
修回日期: 2014-04-04
网络出版日期: 2014-04-09
基金资助
国家自然科学基金（11104222）；西北工业大学博士论文创新基金（CX201101）
An MIMO Array for High-resolution Sector-scan Imaging
Received date: 2013-06-24
Revised date: 2014-04-04
Online published: 2014-04-09
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11104222); Doctorate Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (CX201101)
为了提高扇扫成像系统的方位分辨率，设计了一种具有高方位分辨率的多输入多输出（MIMO）阵列。首先，建立了同时适用于窄带和宽带信号的MIMO阵列与虚拟阵列之间的等效模型。在分析匹配滤波输出成分的基础上，证明了当发射信号具有良好相关特性时，MIMO阵列的匹配滤波输出可等效为单输入多输出（SIMO）阵列上经过脉冲压缩后的回波。接着，根据这一等效关系，获得了与MIMO阵列等效的虚拟阵列中虚拟发射阵元与虚拟接收阵元坐标解析解。最后，在约束阵列物理尺寸为固定值的前提下，利用该解析解设计出一种由2个发射阵元和一条接收均匀线阵列（ULA）组成的MIMO阵列。理论推导和仿真结果表明：所设计的MIMO阵列可以在恒定的物理尺寸和虚拟阵列为均匀直线阵的前提下，获得优于其他MIMO阵列和SIMO阵列的方位分辨率。
刘雄厚 , 孙超 , 卓颉 , 马茜 , 潘浩 . 一种用于高分辨扇扫成像的MIMO阵列[J]. 航空学报, 2014 , 35(9) : 2540 -2550 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0039
For increasing the cross-range resolution of the sector-scan imaging system, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array with high cross-range resolution is designed in this paper. Firstly, the general equialent model for both narrowband and wideband signals between the MIMO array and its virtual array is established. When transmitting waveforms have good auto-and cross-correlation properties, the outputs of matched filters of the MIMO array are equivalent to the range-compressed echoes of a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) array and hence. In this case, the MIMO array is equivalent to a virtual array. Then, basing on the equivalence the analytical solutions of coordinates of virtual transmitting and receiving elements are given based on the equivalence. Then, under the condition of using constant array physical size, a new MIMO array composed of two transmitting elements and N-element receiving uniform linear array (ULA) is designed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the designed MIMO array obtains the best cross-range resolution, when compared to the SIMO array and other MIMO array layouts with the same physical size.
[1] Bao Z, Xing M D, Wang T. Radar imaging technique[M]. Beijing: Publish House of Electronics Industry, 2005: 1-3. (in Chinese) 保铮, 邢孟道, 王彤. 雷达成像技术[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2005: 1-3.
[2] Van Trees H L. Optimum array processing: part 4 of detection, estimation, and modulation theory[M]. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2002: 46-49.
[3] Bliss D W, Forsythe K W. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar and imaging: degrees of freedom and resolution[C]//Proceedings of 37th Asilomar Conference on Signal System and Computer, 2003, 1: 54-59.
[4] Bekkerman I, Tabrikian J. Target detection and localization using MIMO radars and sonars[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2006, 54(10): 3873-3883.
[5] Li J, Stoica P. MIMO radar with colocated antennas: review of some recent work[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2007, 24(5): 106-114.
[6] Li J, Stoica P. MIMO radar signal processing[M]. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2009: 1-64.
[7] Li J, Stoica P, Zheng X. Signal synthesis and receiver design for MIMO radar imaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2008, 56(8): 3959-3968.
[8] Wang H J, Lei W T, Huang C L, et al. MIMO radar imaging model and algorithm[J]. Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2009, 26(5): 577-583.
[9] Lu M, Xu H B, Zhu Y T, et al. Array design of MIMO radar estimation of DOA[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2010, 31(7): 1410-1416. (in Chinese) 陆珉, 许红波, 朱宇涛, 等. MIMO雷达DOA估计阵列设计[J]. 航空学报, 2010, 31(7): 1410-1416.
[10] Wang D W, Ma X Y, Su Y. Two dimensional imaging via a narrowband MIMO radar system with two perpendicular linear arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2010, 19(5): 1269-1279.
[11] Wang D W, Ma X Y, Chen A L, et al. High-resolution imaging using a wideband MIMO radar system with two distributed arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2010, 19(5): 1280-1289.
[12] Duan G Q, Wang D W, Ma X Y. Three-dimensional imaging via wideband MIMO radar system[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2010, 7(3): 445-449.
[13] Tan X, Roberts W, Li J, et al. Sparse learning via iterative minimization with application to MIMO radar imaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2011, 59(3): 1088-1101.
[14] Wang D W, Chen A L, Yuan J Q, el al. Sparsely-based MIMO radar imaging method[C]//Proceedings of IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar, 2011: 967-970.
[15] Ma C Z, Yeo T S, Tan C S, et al. Three-dimensional imaging of targets using colocated MIMO radar[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2011, 49(8): 3009-3021.
[16] Wang W Q. Near-space vehicles: supply a gap between satellites and airplanes for remote sensing[J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic System Magazine, 2011, 26(4): 4-9.
[17] Wang W Q. Space-time coding MIMO-OFDM SAR for high-resolution imaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2011, 49(8): 3094-4104.
[18] Tarchi D, Oliveri F, Sarmmatino P F. MIMO radar and ground-based SAR imaging systems: equivalent approaches for remote sensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2013, 51(1): 425-435.
[19] Ma C Z, Yeo T S, Tan C S, et al. Three-dimensional imaging using colocated MIMO radar and ISAR technique[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2012, 50(8): 3189-3210.
[20] Wang W Q, Cai J Y. MIMO SAR using chirp diverse waveform for wide-swath remote sensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic System, 2012, 48(4): 3171-3185.
[21] Liu X H, Sun C, Zhuo J, et al. Devising MIMO arrays for underwater 3-D short-range imaging[C]//Proceedings of OCEANS'12 MTS/IEEE, 2012: 1-7.
[22] Liu X H, Sun C, Yi F, et al. Underwater three dimensional imaging using narrowband MIMO array[J]. Science China in Physics Mechanics and Astronomy, 2013, 56(7): 1346-1354.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA