针对机载软件在多因素耦合复杂飞行情形下的安全性评估与开发安全控制，提出了一种基于半实物仿真试验的软件安全性评估方法。介绍了采用飞行模拟器试验对软件安全性进行评估的思想；设计了实施该方法的操作流程；建立了试验平台中仿真系统主要的数学模型；借鉴生物学理论，分析了软件缺陷诱发飞机飞行危险的机理；最后，运用该方法对增稳系统嵌入式软件安全性进行了评估，验证该方法工程实践的可行性。利用该方法能够减少机载软件潜伏缺陷在多因素耦合情形下诱发飞机飞行危险，提高机载软件安全性。
A safety assessment method based on semi-physical simulation was proposed to assess airborne software safety and develop safety control technique in multi-factor coupled complex flight situation. A thought using flight simulator test to assessment software safety was introduced. Operation procedure of the safety assessment method was designed. Simulator’s main mathematics model was established. Referencing biological theory, mechanism of software fault induce aircraft accident was analyzed. Finally, embedded software of stability augmentation system was assessed safety. The result demonstrates the method proposed is feasible in project practice. The method can be used to reduce aircraft risk that induced by the airborne software fault in multi-factor coupled complex flight situation, and then improve the safety of airborne software.
[3]Leveson N G.Software safety: why,what,and how[J].Computing Surveys, 1986, 18(2):125-163
[4]Ericson C A Ⅱ.Hazard analysis techniques for system safety [M]., Inc. .., 2005, :-
[6]WAN Yongchao, ZHOU XIngshe, DONG Yunwei.Software safety analysis based on component-level failure modeling[J].Computer Engineering, 2010, 36(14):59-63
[7]万永超, 周兴社, 董云卫.基于构件失效建模的软件安全性分析[J].计算机工程, 2010, 36(14):59-63
[8]覃志东, 刘晓强, 王洪亚.基于关联风险剖面的软件防危性增长测试[J].系统工程与电子技术, 2009, 31(3):686-690
[9]何国伟.软件可靠性[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1998.
[10]李良宝, 韩喜双.软件质量的多级模糊综合评价[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2003, 35(7):812-819
[11]XU Hao-jun, LIU Dong-liang, XUE Yuan, Zhou Li, MIN Gui-Long.Airworthiness Compliance Verification Method Based on Simulation of Complex System[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2012, 25(5):681-690
[12]GJB/Z157-2011.军用软件安全保证指南[J].中国人民解放军装备部, 2011, 1(4-1):12-40
[13]Lewis B L., Stevens F L.Aircraft control and simulation[M].NewYork: John Wiley & Sons, 1992.
[14]Zhou Li, Xu Hao-Jun.Quantitative Assessment of Flight Safety under Atmospheric Icing Conditions[J].High Technology Letters, 2012, 18(1):90-95
[15]Kim H S, Bragg M B.Effects of leading-edge ice accretion geometry on airfoil performance[R]. AIAA-99-3150, 1999.
[17]刘东亮.多因素耦合复杂飞行情形建模仿真与风险评估方法研究[D]. 西安.空军工程大学, 2013: 31~36.
[18]胡孟权, 张登成, 董彦非.高等大气飞行力学[M]. 北京： 航空工业出版社，2007: 7-11
[19]RTCA/DO-178B.Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification[S]. Requirements and Technical Concepts for Aviation (RTCA), Dec, 1992.
[20]SAE ARP4761.Aerospace Recommended Practice, Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment[S]. The U.S. Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996
[21]诸文奎.综合航电系统软件安全性开发与认证方法研究[D]. 西安.空军工程大学, 2009:55~70
CJA