开缝伞充气过程流固耦合数值研究
收稿日期: 2012-11-07
修回日期: 2013-05-17
网络出版日期: 2013-06-09
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(11272345, 51375486);国防科学技术大学科研计划(JC13-01-04)
Numerical Study on Fluid-structure Interaction of Slot-parachute’s Inflation Process
Received date: 2012-11-07
Revised date: 2013-05-17
Online published: 2013-06-09
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11272345,51375486);Research Project of National Defense Technology University(JC13-01-04)
为研究开缝结构降落伞充气过程的流固耦合(FSI)动力学特性,针对某型空投用开缝救生伞的充气过程进行数值模拟研究。基于参数化设计语言开发了伞衣开缝结构的建模方法,建立了开缝降落伞拉直后的初始折叠数值模型。基于欧拉-拉格朗日罚函数法和多物质ALE(Arbitrary Lagrange Euler)算法,对伞衣周围低速黏性不可压缩流场进行数值求解,二次开发了伞绳材料非线性绳索阻尼模型,预测了气动力作用下的伞衣织物三维结构动力学行为,分析了不同来流速度下降落伞开伞性能,包括伞衣投影面积和充气过载变化,并将伞衣变形仿真结果与空投试验结果进行对比。最后对开缝伞充气过程的流固耦合特性进行了分析,包括伞衣结构变形扰动下周围气流的流场衍变特性及气动力作用下伞衣织物的结构强度。仿真结果表明:伞衣外形变化的3D仿真结果与试验结果相符;开缝伞充气过程并无明显的呼吸现象,且能迅速保持稳定;伞缝区域应力明显高于伞衣平均应力水平,在冲击气流作用下易发生破损现象,应布置加强带;充气过程伞顶出现对称的反向旋转涡对,在气流作用下涡对被逐渐拉伸并不对称直至最后分离脱落。
高兴龙 , 唐乾刚 , 张青斌 , 李锦红 . 开缝伞充气过程流固耦合数值研究[J]. 航空学报, 2013 , 34(10) : 2265 -2276 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0264
To investigate the complex dynamic interaction behaviors of a slot-parachute, a numerical simulation analysis is performed on the inflation process of a slot-parachute used in airdrop. Based on the parametric design language, a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model is built which consists of a 3D initially folded slot-parachute structure with a cylindrical fluid domain. Then, an FSI dynamics solver is set up by the Euler-Lagrangian penalty algorithm and multi-material ALE (Arbitrary Lagrange Euler) method specifically for the solving of low speed incompressible fluid fields around a canopy. The structure dynamic behaviors of the canopy fabric are predicted, and a non-linear damped material model of a rope is developed. Meanwhile, the inflation characteristics of the slot-parachute in different inflowing velocities are analyzed, including the variation of projective area and opening loads. The 3D simulation results of inflation are validated by comparing with the airdrop test results. Finally, the slot-parachute’s FSI characteristics are acquired, including its structure intensity and the evolvement of flow during the inflation process. The results demonstrate that the 3D profile change of the canopy is consistent with the airdrop test, and the slot-parachute can rapidly keep steady after fully inflated without the occurrence of obvious breath phenomenon. The stress near the slots is obviously higher than the average level on the canopy surface. To avoid the breakage of the fabric structure under the actions of complex airflow pressure, reinforcements should be taken. A symmetrically reverse rotated vortex couple appears on top of the canopy during the inflation process, and then it is extruded to dissymmetry before being separated and brushed off by airflow.
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