航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (20): 531941-531941   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31941

一种超声速民机低声爆高效气动布局风洞试验

王伟1(), 李军府1,2,3, 钱丰学4, 谭玉婷1,2, 赵彦1,2, 赵博文1,2, 陈晴2,3, 宋科2,3   

  1. 1.航空工业第一飞机设计研究院,西安 710089
    2.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    3.飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安 710072
    4.中国空气研究与发展中心 高速空气动力研究所,绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-03-27 接受日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2025-05-09 发布日期:2025-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 王伟 E-mail:617591061@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家级项目;飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室基金(JBGS-2024-04)

Wind tunnel test of low sonic boom high efficiency layout for supersonic civil aircraft

Wei WANG1(), Junfu LI1,2,3, Fengxue QIAN4, Yuting TAN1,2, Yan ZHAO1,2, Bowen ZHAO1,2, Qing CHEN2,3, Ke SONG2,3   

  1. 1.AVIC The First Aircraft Design Institute,Xi’an 710089,China
    2.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    3.National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design,Xi’an 710072,China
    4.High Speed Aerodynamic Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-03-27 Accepted:2025-04-17 Online:2025-05-09 Published:2025-05-08
  • Contact: Wei WANG E-mail:617591061@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design Foundation(JBGS-2024-04);National Level Project

摘要:

宽速域、低声爆的高效气动布局设计及风洞试验验证是新一代超声速民机研究的难点和关键技术之一。首先针对采用基于声爆最小化理论反设计方法、参数化近场超压信号的混合可信度反设计方法以及波系有益干扰的后体设计方法提出的先进超声速民机低声爆气动布局,设计并加工了高速测力和声爆风洞试验模型;然后,根据声爆风洞试验耗气量大、流场品质要求高等特点,设计了无反射测压轨,发展了空间平均技术以降低风洞背景流场非均匀扰动带来的测量误差、提高模型近场压力信号的测量精度;最后,针对所提出的超声速民机低声爆气动布局进行了声爆风洞试验测试和高速测力风洞试验测试,获得了高质量的声爆和测力风洞试验测量数据。研究表明:采用所述超声速民机低声爆气动布局设计及风洞试验方法可以获得较好的降声爆效果及较高的试验精度,具有较好的推广应用价值;高速测力和声爆试验测量结果与CFD计算结果一致性较好,验证了所发展的超声速民机低声爆气动布局设计及风洞试验验证方法的合理性。研究工作对超声速民机气动布局设计及风洞试验研究具有一定的工程指导价值。

关键词: 超声速民机, 风洞试验, 声爆, 气动布局, 空间平均, 气动力, 测量误差

Abstract:

Wide speed range, low sonic boom and high efficiency aerodynamic layout design and wind tunnel test method is one of the most important key technologies and difficulties for supersonic civil aircraft. First, the high-speed force measurement and sonic boom wind tunnel test models of an advanced low sonic boom supersonic civil aircraft aerodynamic layout are proposed. The layout are designed and processed by using the methods of anti-design of sonic boom minimization theory and the mixed credibility anti-design method based on the parameterized near-field overpressure signal and the aft-body design based on wave system beneficial interference. Then, due to large gas consumption of sonic boom wind tunnel test and relatively high quality requirement of wind tunnel flow field, a non-reflective pressure gauge is designed and the spatial average technique is developed to reduce the measurement error caused by the non-uniform disturbance of the background flow field. Finally, the sonic boom and high-speed force wind tunnel test are carried out for the low sonic boom aerodynamic layout of the proposed supersonic civil aircraft, and the high-quality sonic boom and force test data are obtained. The results shows that the proposed method for aerodynamic layout design and wind tunnel test of the supersonic civil aircraft can obtain better boom reduction effect and relatively high test precision, and have application value for such aircraft design. The test results of high-speed force measurement and boom sonic test are in good agreement with those obtained by CFD method, and the rationality of the developed aerodynamic layout design and wind tunnel test method for supersonic civil aircraft is verified. The research work has certain engineering guiding values for aerodynamic layout design and wind tunnel test of supersonic civil aircraft.

Key words: supersonic civil aircraft, wind tunnel test, sonic boom, aerodynamic layout, spatial average, aerodynamic force, measurement error

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