航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (5): 531905-531905   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31905

空气动力驱动变体飞展翼飞机

陈海昕(), 冯良韬, 段玉宇, 郭钰坤, 付越, 潘晨亮, 周奕杉   

  1. 清华大学 航天航空学院,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-03-02 接受日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 陈海昕 E-mail:chenhaixin@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(92052203)

Aerodynamics-driven monoplane-biplane morphing aircraft

Haixin CHEN(), Liangtao FENG, Yuyu DUAN, Yukun GUO, Yue FU, Chenliang PAN, Yishan ZHOU   

  1. School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-03-02 Accepted:2025-03-05 Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-03-15
  • Contact: Haixin CHEN E-mail:chenhaixin@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(92052203)

摘要:

采用大展弦比机翼是提高飞行器升阻比的关键。然而,大展弦比机翼使飞行器的起降受到多方面的影响、限制,如跑道宽度、结构安全、气流影响等。介绍了一种原创的飞机变体形式,其以单翼巡航,双翼起降,在飞行中对2种模式进行双向切换;其变体不依赖于主动驱动机构,而是依靠对空气动力的调控来驱动和控制。这种变体形式可以大幅度改变翼展,兼顾了起降与巡航对飞行器翼展的不同需求,也使为实现变体付出的结构重量、空间、复杂度等代价降到了最低;但作为一种全新的变体方式,其也带来了气动设计、动力学与控制、结构可靠性、试验验证等多方面挑战。

关键词: 飞展翼, 变体, 空气动力驱动, 大展弦比, 飞机

Abstract:

A high-aspect-ratio wing is the key to improving the lift-to-drag ratio of an aircraft. However, a high-aspect-ratio wing leads to a large wingspan, which affects the take-off and landing of the aircraft in many aspects, such as runway width, structure safety and crosswind effects. This paper introduces a monoplane-biplane morphing aircraft, which cruises as a monoplane and takes off and lands as a biplane, switching between the two modes during flight. In addition, its morphing does not rely on any active drive mechanism, but relies on ailerons to change lift to drive morphing. This design can change wingspan to a large extent, take into account the different wingspan requirements of take-off, landing and cruising, and save the structure weight, space and complexity of the morphing drive mechanism, thereby improving maintainability. However, as a new morphing mode, this design also brings challenges in many aspects, such as aerodynamic design, multi-body dynamics and control, structural reliability, and experimental verification.

Key words: monoplane-biplane, morphing, aerodynamics-driven, high aspect ratio, aircraft

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