航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (10): 231196-231196   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31196

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

摩擦温度对篦齿径向裂纹形成的影响

杨毅成, 杨卫华(), 张倍萱, 宋志恒, 米兆国   

  1. 南京航空航天大学 能源与动力学院,南京 210016
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-12 修回日期:2024-11-26 接受日期:2024-12-23 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2024-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨卫华 E-mail:yangwh@nuaa.edu.cn

Influence of friction temperature on radial crack formation in turbine blade crown fins

Yicheng YANG, Weihua YANG(), Beixuan ZHANG, Zhiheng SONG, Zhaoguo MI   

  1. College of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
  • Received:2024-09-12 Revised:2024-11-26 Accepted:2024-12-23 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2024-12-30
  • Contact: Weihua YANG E-mail:yangwh@nuaa.edu.cn

摘要:

涡轮动叶叶冠篦齿径向裂纹的快速扩展会危及发动机的安全运行,为明确摩擦温度对裂纹形成的影响,使用自建的高速摩擦实验台开展实验研究,解析分析径向裂纹的形成机理及摩擦温度和对流换热系数对裂纹形成的影响,并基于Abaqus的XFEM模型进行数值分析及验证。实验表明摩擦温度温升在200 ℃以上才能形成径向裂纹,得到了形成径向裂纹的温度下降曲线拟合式。解析分析表明径向裂纹的形成与摩擦温度、环境温度、对流换热系数和篦齿的导热有关。数值计算得到了径向裂纹的形成过程,温度低于1 068 ℃时没有萌生裂纹,温度超过1 124 ℃在压应力的作用下在顶面中间形成了沿周向扩展的裂纹,在1 068 ℃~1 124 ℃的温度范围在拉应力的作用下形成径向裂纹。摩擦温度和对流换热系数的增大会促进径向裂纹的形成,摩擦温度的影响更明显。

关键词: 叶冠篦齿, 摩擦温度, 对流换热系数, 径向裂纹, 裂纹萌生

Abstract:

The rapid propagation of radial cracks in the crown fin of turbine blades can endanger the safe operation of the engine. In order to clarify the influence of friction temperature on crack formation, a custom-designed high-speed friction test rig was used to conduct experimental research. The formation mechanism of radial cracks and the influence of friction temperature and convective heat transfer coefficient on crack formation were analyzed, and numerical analysis were conducted based on Abaqus’ XFEM model. Experiments indicated that radial cracks exclusively manifest when the friction temperature surpasses 200 ℃, and a fitting formula for the temperature drop curve that forms radial cracks was obtained. Numerical simulations illuminated the process of radial crack development. Specifically, no cracks were initiated below 1 068 ℃, whereas above 1 124 ℃, cracks propagated circumferentially across the top surface’s midsection under compressive stress. Within the temperature range of 1 068 ℃ to 1 124 ℃, radial cracks emerged under tensile stress conditions. Both elevated friction temperatures and convective heat transfer coefficients expedite radial crack formation, with friction temperature exerting a more pronounced influence.

Key words: crown fin, friction temperature, convective heat transfer coefficient, radial cracks, crack initiation

中图分类号: